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毕业论文网 > 外文翻译 > 设计学类 > 艺术与科技 > 正文

关于房屋建筑工程厨卫防渗漏有效施工技术研究外文翻译资料

 2022-11-12 07:11  

Study on the effective construction technology of kitchen and bathroom leakage prevention in building construction engineering

Author: unknown

   Abstract: : the leakage of the kitchen and toilet is one of the most common quality problems in housing construction engineering, do a good job in anti-leakage construction technology research can not only improve the competitiveness of our housing construction enterprises, but also directly related to our life convenience. This paper starts from the causes of kitchen and bathroom leakage, and discusses the construction strategy, technical points and improvement measures during the construction, hoping to give some guidance to the research in this aspect.
   Key words: kitchen; Leakage; Construction technology; Housing construction works;
   Chinese library classification number: TU74
  
  
   1, the introduction
   With the continuous development of society, people have higher and higher requirements for the quality of life, which leads to higher and higher requirements for kitchen and sanitary construction. On the other hand, kitchen and bathroom penetration as one of the most common housing construction quality problems, it is also directly related to the overall quality of housing construction, if you do not do this aspect of the work will be bad for the reputation of construction enterprises and directly affect the competitiveness of enterprises. Therefore, it is of great significance to do a good job in the study of effective construction technology for kitchen and sanitary protection against leakage.
  
   2, kitchen leakage reason
   Hutch defends leakage as one of the most common quality failing, it greatly influenced our lives convenient, therefore, even if it doesnt give us the structure of the building construction safety, but we still need to do a good job of the leakage, in general, hutch defends the reasons for leakage phenomenon can be summed up in the following aspects:
   (1) in the construction process and operation, there is a lack of relatively complete measures to prevent water seepage in the blocked hole, which may easily lead to leakage of the upper and lower water pipes through the floor due to the uncompactness of the caulking.
   (2) in the construction process, the construction team lacks the awareness of kitchen and sanitary protection against leakage, which makes the construction is not very important, and many construction personnel think that users will stick wall bricks, floor tiles, which will also aggravate this problem.
   (3) as the construction supervision system is not perfect, so that the construction personnel in the construction is prone to careless situation, such as concrete is not dense caused by water seepage, cast-in-situ reinforced concrete board and the wall around the root of water seepage, not to do the opposite side of the wall caused by water seepage is caused by this reason.
  
   3, effective construction technology of kitchen and bathroom leakage prevention
   In view of the causes of kitchen and bathroom leakage, generally speaking, we can be divided into the following aspects of the technical points in the construction:
   3.1 waterproof material
   Waterproof material as the premise of our kitchen and bathroom anti-leakage construction, must choose to ensure its quality, in view of this requirement, we want to do:
   (1) for the design requirements, we must strictly implement, and take this as our guide for the selection of waterproof materials.
   (2) because the construction area of kitchen and bathroom is generally small, its Yin and Yang Angle is more, so we choose more waterproof coating. In addition, if the construction period is relatively tight, we can make use of cement - based penetration waterproof coating. For the pipeline through the floor, we need to treat it with water-swelling rubber strip.
   (3) in the selection of waterproof materials, to ensure that the manufacturer has a production license and waterproof materials have been identified by the relevant technical departments.
   3.2 structure layer
   The construction of the structure layer is the key part of effective construction of our housing construction project kitchen and bathroom leakage prevention, in view of this, we should do the following technical details:
   (1) for reinforced concrete floor, we should do a good job to prevent cracks, which can effectively reduce the phenomenon of leakage. Generally speaking, this work mainly includes:
   First of all, the work to do a good job.
   Secondly, the construction to ensure that the template soaked.
   Thirdly, during the construction, the steel reinforcement shall be made and bound according to the floor reinforcement diagram to ensure that its protective layer meets the requirements of our construction. In the specific work, the negative reinforcement of the board shall be placed in the correct position, the special plastic pad shall be used, and the negative reinforcement of the board shall be overlapped and overlapped according to the requirements of the tensile reinforcement.
   Fourth, to use the tower for the construction of vertical transport operations.
   Fifth, to ensure the quality of our construction materials, such as sand, gravel, etc.
   Sixth, in the construction of vibration process, to ensure that the compactness, formation.
   Finally, in the construction process, after the initial setting of concrete, the early maintenance should be well done, and the curing time should be longer than 7d.
   (2) in the process of construction, the bracing feet should be set between double rows of steel bars, and protective pad blocks should be added to the corresponding positions.
  

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关于房屋建筑工程厨卫防渗漏有效施工技术研究

作者:未知

  摘要:房屋建筑工程中厨房及卫生间的渗漏是最为常见的质量通病之一,做好防渗漏施工技术研究不仅能够提升我们房屋建筑企业的竞争力,还直接关系到我们的生活便利。本文从厨卫渗漏的原因出发,并对其施工策略、施工时的技术要点及改进措施进行了探讨,希望给这方面的研究起到一定的指导作用。
  关键词:厨卫;防渗漏;施工技术;房屋建筑工程;
  中图分类号:TU74文献标识码:A 文章编号:
  
  
  1、引言
  随着社会的不断发展,人们对于生活品质的要求越来越高,这就导致了对厨卫防渗透施工的要求也越来越高。另一方面,厨卫渗透作为最常见的房屋建筑质量通病之一,它也直接关系到房屋建筑的整体质量,如果做不好这方面的工作将会给施工企业的声誉带来不利影响并直接影响企业的竞争力。因此,做好厨卫防渗漏有效施工技术的研究具有多方面的意义。
  
  2、厨卫渗漏原因
  厨卫渗漏作为最常见的质量通病之一,它极大地影响了我们生活的便利,因此,即使它不会给我们房屋建筑的结构安全造成危害,但我们依旧需要做好防渗漏的工作,一般来说,厨卫出现渗漏现象的原因可以总结为以下几个方面:
  (1)在施工的工艺及操作上,缺少比较完整的杜绝堵洞渗水措施,这就容易导致上、下水管在穿越楼板的位置容易由于堵缝不密实出现渗漏的情况。
  (2)施工过程中,施工队伍缺少厨卫防防渗漏的意识,这就使得对这一施工并不是很重视,而且很多施工人员认为用户以后还会贴墙砖、地砖,这也会加重这一问题。
  (3)由于施工监督制度的不完善,使得施工人员在施工时容易出现马虎大意的情况,比如砼不密实造成的渗水,现浇钢筋砼板及四周墙体根部渗水,止水反边未做而引起墙体渗水等都是这一原因所导致的。
  
  3、厨卫防渗漏有效施工技术
  针对厨卫渗漏的原因,一般来说,我们在施工中的技术要点可以分为以下几个方面:
  3.1防水材料
  防水材料作为我们厨卫防渗漏施工的前提,必选要对其质量进行保证,针对这一要求,我们要做到:
  (1)对于设计的要求,我们要严格执行,并以此作为我们选取防水材料的指导。
  (2)由于厨卫的施工面积一般比较小,其阴阳角较多,所以我们较多选取防水涂料。另外,如果工期比较紧,我们可以使使用水泥基渗透防水涂料。针对穿楼板管道,我们要使用遇水膨胀橡胶条对其进行处理。
  (3)在选择防水材料的时候,要确保生产厂家具有生产许可证且防水材料经过了相关技术部门的鉴定。
  3.2结构层
  结构层的施工是我们房屋建筑工程厨卫防渗漏有效施工的关键部分,针对这一点,我们应做好以下技术细节:
  (1)对于钢筋混凝土楼板,我们要做好预防裂缝的措施,这能够有效地减少渗漏的现象。一般来说,这一工作主要包括:
  首先,制模拼模的工作要做好。
  其次,施工时要确定模板湿透。
  第三,在施工时,要按照楼板钢筋图对钢筋进行制作绑扎,确保其保护层符合我们施工的要求,具体工作上要做到板的负力筋位置正确、使用专用塑料垫块、板的负力筋弯钩重叠搭接按照受拉钢筋的要求进行放置。
  第四,要使用吊塔进行施工中的垂直运输作业。
  第五,保证我们施工原材料的质量,比如砂、碎石等。
  第六,在施工的振捣过程中,要确保密实、平整。
  最后,施工过程中,在混凝土的初凝之后,要做好早期养护的工作,养护的时间要大于7d。
  (2)施工的过程中,要做好对于撑脚的设置,使其处于双排钢筋之间,而且相应的位置还要加设保护层垫块。
  (3)整个结构的标高在设置的过程中要依据地面建施做法来决定比其余房间结构标高低的尺寸。
  (4)在除了门洞以外的厨卫四周要做好混凝土翻边以及现浇板一次性浇筑的工作,在这一工作中要确保其高度大于120 mm,且宽度应和墙厚一致。
  (5)如果在施工的过程中发现结构层存在裂缝问题,我们要对其进行及时的处理,否则不能够进行后续的施工。
  (6)厨卫墙体由砌块改用实心砖砌筑。
  (7)针对使用地暖的厨卫施工,我们在过门处要进行止水墙的设置,在这个过程中,所使用的材料应选用C20防水混凝土,长宽尺寸要和门洞一致。此外,还要在止水墙的内侧做好止水、防水的配合工作。
  3.3闭水和灌水试验
  在进行闭水试验的过程中,最高点蓄水层的深度要大于20 mm,而且这一试验的时间要多于24 h。当地面面层试验完成之后还要进行二次蓄水及泼水试验。
  3.4垫层
  在这一施工过程中,要先在基层上进行洒水湿润的工作,接着刷一道聚合物水泥砂浆,同时进行铺混凝土的工作。然后使用平板振捣器进行振捣的工作。在振捣至符合要求以后,要依据设计坡度找坡(2%左右)。整个浇注完成12h之后要进行养护的工作,养护的时间不能够小于7 d。
  3.5面层
  面层的施工我们应使用水泥砂浆湿贴法。在这一比较好施工过程中,对于地板的铺贴我们要注意坐便器、门口及厨房间地面四周的泛水坡度,以减少积水问题的发生
  3.6细部处理
  (1)洞口留设成上粗下细的倒锥形,,而且在洞下口和安装管中间要有30 mm ~ 50 mm 的缝隙。
  (2)堵洞时,先要做到洞底吊模紧贴楼板底,堵洞后的混凝土上口更不应该还要比楼板面稍微低一些。使用的材料要和楼板混凝土选用同一种类型,并在里面掺入内水泥用量10% 的U型膨胀剂,然后进行两次浇灌。
  (3) 在细部附加层的施工过程中,流程应该是先进行细部附加层的施工,其次再进行大面防水涂料的施工。
  (4)对于采暖季供水管,我们应对其加套管,而且应在每一层的楼顶板旁边进行伸缩节的安装。此外,预埋管在穿过厨卫墙体的时候,应使用防水油膏做好抹严的工作。
  (5)做好套管的封口工作,而且要保证其高出楼面的距离不小于30 mm。
  (6)如果卫生间存在使用地暖的情况,要做好双层防水技术的施工。
  3.7成品保护
  (1)施工过程中,施工人员要穿软底鞋,对于有尖锐突出的鞋子,我们要严禁进场,否则容易给防水层带来破坏。
  (2)进行完防水层的施工以后,要尽快的进行保护层施工。
  (3)防水层在经过验收合格以后,我们不可以在上面打眼凿洞。
  (4)施工的过程中,针对容易受到污染的防水层成品及半成品,我们要做好保护的工作,并且要选取专员对其进行巡视,如果出现破坏的情况,要及时进行修复处理。
  (5)针对卫生间门口部位,我们要做好:
  a. 门框与墙体之间的缝隙采用掺入建筑胶砂浆填塞密实,在门框与墙体的接缝处另加一层防水油膏。
  b. 在进行门框安装的过程中,在距离门框底部较近的位置应增加固定点。此外,安装完成以后,要避免对其产生大的振动。
  3.7改进措施
  (1)卫生间楼板降低20 cm ~ 30 cm,形成沉箱,并对沉箱排水器进行合理的利用。
  (2)对于地漏的位置要合理的布置,并控制好地漏的标高。
  (3)立管集中于管井。设计的过程中要将所有管道集中在管道井内,同时在管道阀门、检查口位置设检修门。
  (4)要对厨房用水器具的摆放进行改善,比如,在厨房可以不用进行地漏的设置。
  (5)卫生间需要干湿分离和弹性分隔。
  
  4、结语
  关于房屋补补建筑工程厨卫防渗漏有效施工技术的研究具有很重要的意义。但是,由于在我们的具体工作中,这一技术所涉及的环节有比较多,任何一个环节的疏忽都可能导致这一质量通病。因此,我们在工作中,要加强施工监督体系的建设,并不断提升我们的施工技术及施工时的质量意识,我相信,随着我们施工队伍的不断进步,未来这一方面的工作将会做的更好。
  
    reference
   [1] lei hua, ma kaiyuan. How to improve the quality of a house without leakage [J]. Architecture, 2008,(22).
   [2] liu yun. A brief analysis of the causes and prevention of roof water leakage in construction projects [J]. Shanxi architecture, 2007,(29).
   [3] badad; Jin-rong liu;; Analysis and prevention of common problems in civil housing project quality [A]; Proceedings of the 2009 annual meeting of shandong coal society [C]; In 2009.
   [4] lu hongyan. Analysis of causes of leakage in housing construction projects and prevention measures [J]. Shanxi architecture, 2011,(04).
   [5] hou haipeng. Discussion on the construction technology of kitchen and bathroom leakage prevention in housing construction project [J]. Shanxi architecture, 2011,(05).
   About the author:
   Gender: female Dec. 1, 1969 native place: ninghe county, tianjin title: primary research direction: engineering construction

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