论文总字数：41783字

摘 要

1. Introduction ……………………………...………………………………............1

1.1 An introduction to Cervantes and Don Quixote……….……............................1

1.2 Need of the study….……....................................................................................4

2. Literature Review……………………………………………………...…………6

2.1 Spirits reflected in Don Quixote………………………………………………6

2.2 Previous studies abroad and at home………………………………...................7

3. Don Quixote’s Spiritual Revival in the Internet Age……………………………9

3.1 The characteristics of the Internet era…………………………………………9

3.2 Spiritual revival ……………………………………………………………….10

3.2.1 Keeping the faith …… ………………………………………………….11

3.2.2 Willing to take risks……………………………………………………13

3.2.3 Helping the weak………………………………………………………14

3.2.4 Rebelling against the injustice…………………………………………15

4. Conclusion………………………………………………………………………..18

References…………………………………………………………………………..19

Acknowledgments

I would like to take this opportunity to express my gratitude to all the people who have ever helped me in this paper.

My sincere and hearty thanks and appreciations go firstly to my supervisor, Ms. Qiu Liping, whose encouragement and suggestions have given me so remarkable insights into literature study. I am extremely grateful for her valuable academic instructions during my study. The paper would not have been possible without her patient guidance, continuous encouragement and generous support. It has been a great privilege and joy to study under her guidance and supervision. Furthermore, it is my honor to benefit a lot from her personalities and diligence, which I will treasure in my whole life.

I would like to thank all the other teachers for their enlightenment, knowledge, encouragement and help throughout my study at Nanjing Tech University.

Finally, my gratitude is given to my dear friends and fellow students, who have accompanied me throughout the four years at the university.

Abstract

Don Quixote by Cervantes is not only a realistic masterpiece in the Renaissance, but also marks the germination of the western modern novel. Many scholars have interpreted Don Quixote from various perspectives. Based on modern scholars' interpretation of the spirits and significance of Don Quixote, this paper chooses relevant plots of Don Quixote and combines the freedom and anonymity of the Internet society, to analyze Don Quixote’s spiritual revival in the modern society and to explore the practical significance of Don Quixote for the contemporary era.

On the one hand, the freedom of the Internet society liberates the limitation of people’s thoughts, broadens their horizons, and makes people think and act more comprehensively and firmly in real life. On the other hand, the anonymity enables people to have a full right of expression in the network society, giving them an invisible protection umbrella. Internet users who dare to love and hate have found a hotbed in the Internet. Together, they give birth to the modern “Don Quixotes”.

On the basis of previous researches, this paper intends to comprehensively research the spiritual revival of Don Quixote in the Internet era from four aspects: keeping the faith, willing to take risks, helping the weak, and rebelling against the injustice. Specifically, from the spirits of Don Quixote, the characteristics of the Internet era and their mutual integration, this paper demonstrates Don Quixote’s spiritual revival in the Internet era.

Key words: Don Quixote; Don Quixote’s spirits; revival; Internet age

中文摘要

塞万提斯所著的《堂吉诃德》不仅是文艺复兴时期的现实主义杰作，也标志着西方现代小说的萌芽。很多学者从多个角度对其进行了解读。本论文以现代学者对堂吉诃德的精神和意义的解读为依据，选取小说《堂吉诃德》中的相关情节，结合互联网社会的自由性和匿名性两大特点，探讨堂吉诃德这个人物的精神在互联网时代的重现，挖掘《堂吉诃德》对于当代的现实意义。

一方面，互联网时代的自由性解放了人们的思想局限，扩大了他们的视野，使人们在现实生活中的思考行动更加周全坚定；另一方面，匿名性则使人们在网络社会拥有了充分的表达权，给予他们隐形的保护伞，敢爱敢恨的网民在互联网中找到了温床。两者一起催生着现代堂吉诃德们的诞生。

本研究在前人研究的基础上，从堂吉诃德坚定信念，敢于冒险，帮助弱者，反抗不公等四个精神层面研究堂吉诃德精神在网络时代的重现。具体而言，本文从《堂吉诃德》的人物精神、互联网时代的特征及其相互融合等方面，证明了堂吉诃德精神在互联网社会的重现。

关键词：《堂吉诃德》；堂吉诃德精神；重现；互联网时代；

Introduction

1.1 An introduction to Cervantes and Don Quixote

On April 23, 1616 in Madrid, Spain, Cervantes, the matador, who had been fighting with the cruel fate all his life but never lost his bravery and courage and created Don Quixote in his humble even shabby house quietly, said goodbye to the world. Since his death, his Don Quixote has come out around the world, translated and published more than a thousand times. According to Marx (1876) , "Cervantes and Balzac are above all other novelists".

Cervantes lived a life of poverty and adversity. "I worked day and night, thinking I had the talent to be a poet, but the heavens were unsympathetic."(Chen, 2019: 1) Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, whose father chose to work as a doctor after finishing his university studies and was displaced and impoverished all his life, born in a decaying aristocratic family, dreamed of being a knight of honor when he was a child. In 1570 he joined the army as he wished and became a soldier. The following year he took part in the battle against Turkey. After the war, Cervantes returned home with letters of recommendation from the viceroy and the marshal. On the way, he was ambushed by Turkish pirates who captured him and sold him as a slave in Algiers. After three unsuccessful attempts at escape, he was rescued by a priest and returned to Spain in 1580. By this time, long after the war had ended and the glory of the past had been forgotten, Cervantes had lost the chance to get a decent job and had to do some logistics in the Armada. With the collapse of the Armada, he soon lost his job again and was framed for imprisonment. After his release from prison, Cervantes, with various connections, found a job as a laborious tax collector and was sent to the most remote mountain areas. The memory that collecting a tax is not beautiful absolutely, on the one hand nobody is willing to hand over taxes, on the other hand everyday Cervantes was scolded. Two years later, Cervantes was imprisoned again after the collapse of the private bank that had been hoarding his taxes. Later, he was taken to court by his illegitimate daughter for failing to prepare her dowry, and arrested by the police for unclaimed bodies at his home. Cervantes experienced many similar headless lawsuits in his life, which left an indelible mark on his mind.

In 1602, living in a shoddy apartment with a bistro downstairs and a brothel upstairs, Cervantes began to write Don Quixote. The first volume of Don Quixote was published three years later, causing a tsunami of excitement in Spain. The volume was republished six times in a year, and everyone from the court to the city was talking about the story of Don Quixote. Don Quixote's publication, though it gave him a certain reputation, was not enough to improve the poor quality of his life, for his selling off the copyright all at once just gave him only one reward. During Cervantes' illness, he discovered that people had cheated in the name of his works, engaged in piracy for self-interest, and even profited handsomely. He felt bitter and angry, and died soon after writing the second half of Don Quixote.

Because the profits from the book were all taken by the publishers, Cervantes was still struggling in poverty until his death in 1616, when no tombstone was erected.

Don Quixote didn’t appear in time of Cervantes as a wave. However, the greatest work is not afraid of the test of time—Don Quixote is undoubtedly the great gift and immortal work that Cervantes gave to the human world. Since the publication of Don Quixote in the 17th century, his image has impressed the world in every age. The vivid character of Don Quixote and the rich implication have never ceased to be studied by anthropologists. Harold Bloom (2006), a famous contemporary American literary theorist and literary historian, declared firmly in The Western Canon that "Of all the western classics, the two protagonists of Cervantes are indeed the most prominent literary characters, with only a small number of Shakespeare's characters ranking alongside them. Their combination of awkwardness and intelligence, combined with lack of utility, is matched only by Shakespeare's most memorable men and women."

Don Quixote is one of the greatest and last anti-chivalric romances of chivalry in Spain. Don Quixote is not only a great humanistic work in the Renaissance, but also a

literary work full of nostalgia for the middle ages and conservative tendency. The conservatism of Don Quixote lies in his critical attitude towards the culture at that time. Cervantes despised the civil culture of the Renaissance. He tried to embrace the Medieval Knight Culture with the help of Don Quixote. But in the preface, Cervantes said that the chivalry novel was out of date, and he wanted to clean up the old set through Don Quixote. Readers all over the world have given high comments on this work, which is based on the social reality and reflects the social status of Spain in the 16th century through the description of nearly 700 different occupations and characters.

Don Quixote reached the peak of Spanish classical art, marking the modern European creation into the modernist novel, a new stage. Critics call Cervantes's novel Don Quixote the first modern novel in literary history and one of the gems of world literature.

Don Quixote introduces Don Quixote, a gentleman who has a passion for the knight novel and even reads without eating and sleeping, loses his mind. He thinks that everything in the chivalric novels is true, and the chivalric images in the novels are very worship and yearning, therefore with a lofty ambition, he desires to become a chivalric knight to travel far and wide, to punish evil and to put it into action.

In order to fulfill his duties as a knight, he runs away from home three times and travels around the country. All the strange and adventurous experiences that happen on the road make people laugh and think deeply. For the first time, Don Quixote does not go far. Having found a reason for his knighthood, chosen his chosen man, he begins his knighthood. Don Quixote's first knighthood comes to an abrupt end when he is beaten in an act of chivalry and taken back to his village by a kind fellow peasant.

The second time, Don Quixote convinces his servant Sancho to follow him. They traveled far and wide, chivalrous as they were, and a series of strange things happened. As the servant Sancho delivers a message to Don Quixote's sweetheart, Dulcinea, he meets the priest and barber from the same village, and reveals the whereabouts of his master. With compassion for Don Quixote, through a series of white lies, they bring back the madman in a cage. It was thought that Don Quixote would be safe from the shock, but a month later he begins his knighthood on the sly again.

For the third time, Don Quixote and Sancho go to the farthest and have the most amazing experience. Sancho gets the viceroy, which Don Quixote has promised him for a long time, and Don Quixote presents a wonderful series of stories to the readers in the Duchy.

Defeated by a Moon Knight played by maester Samson from the same village in a planned knight's station, our Lion Knight finally ends his knighthood. When he returns home, perhaps with an unacceptability of defeat, perhaps with remorse for his comic knighthood, perhaps with a realization of reality, Don Quixote comes to his senses, denounces the romances of chivalry, and walks away in his hatred of the romances of chivalry.

The protagonist of the novel, Don Quixote, is an emotionally complex and contradictory character. On the one hand, he is praised for his heroic spirit of fighting against the strong, helping the weak, daring to fight against the evil forces. On the other side is the irony and sarcasm of his infatuated and ridiculous nature, which is also the portrayal of the good ideal and dark reality.

1.2 Need of the study

With the development of society and the update of science and technology, people start from studying the image, spiritual quality or tragic color of Don Quixote to exploring the significance of the era of this character. However, the previous studies mostly stayed on the surface of the times and connotations revealed by the novels, and did not relate to the current social reality.

On the basis of previous studies, this paper intends to comprehensively study Don Quixote's spiritual revival in the Internet era and the actual cases from multiple perspectives. Specifically, from the character of Don Quixote, the characteristics of the Internet age and their mutual integration, this paper analyzes the realistic significance of Don Quixote spirit for modern people and its re-deconstruction. Through this paper, it can be shown that the social background of era of Cervantes is quite different from that of modern society, but the duality of humanity and his seemingly ridiculous but touching chivalry beyond the era have been constantly expanded and highlighted in the long history.

Literature Review

2.1 Spirits reflected in Don Quixote

Don Quixote's life at the end of the 16th century and the beginning of the 17th century is imbued with the ubiquitous Christian faith. The excessive development of the system of chivalry and the excessive proliferation of romances of chivalry may cause people to behave in an unusual way. However, the Christian belief in the middle ages has a guiding effect on people. These two different demands on life affect Don Quixote at the same time.

The circumstances of the time and the way in which others perceive deny Don Quixote the legitimacy and possibility of being a knight, but he internalizes the cognition and action of the knight to prove the greatness of the knight and make it sublime (Xiong, 2019: 36). Don Quixote is fascinated by chivalry. He rides on a thin old horse, with a rusty spear and a broken helmet. He takes Sancho Panza as a servant and begins his adventures, making the country inn a castle, the owner a castle master, and pressing the owner to make him a knight. He goes out of the inn and makes a giant of the spinning windmill. He turns the sheep into an army, rushes to fight, and the shepherd boy bruises his faces and teeth with stones. He beats a barber as if he is a warrior, and takes the bronze basin as a helmet. Treating a group of criminals as persecuted gentlemen, he is badly beaten, and his friend Sanson Carrasco, pretending to be a knight, knocks him over and gives him a year's rest as a ranger. He suffers a lot and goes back to his hometown. He realizes too late that he has been cheated by the romances of chivalry.

Don Quixote, in his brief knighthood, makes a fool of himself and suffers ridicule and humiliation from others, but he never gives up his loyalty and faith. This is the tragic ending given to him by Cervantes, as well as the indomitable life of sticking to faith. Cervantes leaves the world with his mockery of the decadent chivalry and his indomitable admiration of Don Quixote.

2.1 Previous studies abroad and at home

A large number of researchers continue to help us interpret the post-modern meaning of Don Quixote. Foreign researchers have spoken highly of Don Quixote. The Fascinating Case of Don Quixote written by Ruiz (2011) embodies Don Quixote's capacity for courage. Turgenev (2002) refers to and analyzes the "golden age" that Don Quixote yearned for in Hamlet and Don Quixote. Steiner (2020), the writer of Learning from Don Quixote, affirms Don Quixote's good intentions and practical actions in the pursuit of human freedom and equal rights. At the same time, Don Quixote's justice to the rich and poor is also mentioned in The New Quixote Of Spanish Literature by Vargas (2005). Hegel (1835) points out in Aesthetics that in a society in which the legal order has been perfected and has become the supreme authority, it is ridiculous for a knight like Don Quixote to take independent risks and rescue suffering. Ebrahimi and Fosl (2019) fully affirm Don Quixote's sublime spirit. At last, Greimas and Korostenskienė (2016) give a comprehensive account of Don Quixote's godless yet foolish character.

At the same time, Chinese scholars who have been exposed to Don Quixote have expressed their appreciation. In Don Quixote’s Influence on Chinese Traditional Life by Xu (2019), Don Quixote's great warrior spirit is affirmed, as is his character of fighting against injustice and saving lives. "Madness" in Don Quixote (2020) describes the knight's difficulty and hardship as an existence of individual heroism. On The Characterization and Theme of Don Quixote, Jiang (2019) emphasizes that Don Quixote maintains a commitment to personal virtue and conscience, as well as his views on personal cultivation. In Don Quixote's Exploration of Multiple Satires and Cultural implication, Wang (2017) describes Don Quixote's attitude towards himself and others: sincerity, honesty, and a clear distinction between right and wrong. In Save Don Quixote by Xie (2007), Don Quixote's loyalty towards love and his respect for women are mentioned. Selected Works of Lu Xun (2005) shows the conflict between Don Quixote's behavior and the social background at that time, the tragedy of characters and society. Qian (2007), who wrote The Rich Pain -- Don Quixote and the Eastward Shift of Hamlet, magnifies the spirit of Don Quixote as a national mirror and puts forward the concept of "collective Quixote". In The History of European Literature, Zhou (2007) believes that Don Quixote's spirit should be eternal no matter what the world is. If There Is No Don Quixote, Yang (2009) calls for more heroes with the spirit and courage of Don Quixote in modern society.

Don Quixote’s Spiritual Revival in the Internet Age

3.1 The characteristics of the Internet era

With the popularization of mobile Internet, the emergence of new media and the updating of various technological means, the characteristics of the Internet era have already undergone earth-shaking changes. Because of the low cost of publishing online information, there is no clear boundary between information providers, disseminators and readers. In other words, each of us has gone from being a mere receiver to a free source of information. Information network has become a "virtual society" almost independent of the real society, with very obvious characteristics of social groups. At the same time, the interaction between the "virtual society" and the real society is becoming more and more significant. The Internet age has three obvious characteristics: freedom, anonymity and rebelliousness.

Internet is completely open, where people have the freedom to offer or take information. It expands the public space for everyone, and gives each individual the opportunity to express their opinions and participate in politics. Every citizen has a chance to become a publisher of network information. Through the BBS, news reviews and blog sites, users can immediately comment and public opinions were more freely expressed. With the anonymity of the Internet, most netizens naturally express their real opinions or reflect their real emotions. Therefore, online public opinions objectively reflect the contradictions in the real society and truly embodies the value of different groups.

While freedom and anonymity give Internet users a sense of security, they also make the Internet an amplifier of some emotions or qualities in the hearts of some citizens. Netizens give vent to their dark emotions or sense of justice through the Internet, which may cause the whole network environment to fall into rebellion. This rebelliousness means that people are less and less willing to stick to the rules and more willing to express their own independent opinions, or even to express their own evil thoughts in the Internet for a moment's pleasure. When we try to take Don Quixote, a great literary figure, more than four hundred years ago from Spain into today's society, you will find that he has more significance to stimulate the truth, goodness and beauty of human nature, to influence or even change people's attitude towards life with brilliance of his thoughts or tragic fate, to increase the cognition of the real society, so as to take the civilization of human society to a higher level.

3.2 Spiritual revival

When it comes to the age of the Internet, the rapid development of society has given new meaning to Don Quixote.

In the Internet age, human beings undergo earth-shaking changes. People's pursuit of spiritual content has long been changed for unlimited knowledge, while the rapid development of the Internet has accelerated the decomposition of people's original inner world system, and gradually merged with the participation of the hand of the world, resulting in qualitative changes.

As long as you look back on human history, it is not difficult to find that it is a process of constantly updating each other between production technology and lifestyle. The need for quality of life encourages craftsmen to keep improving and bring forth new ideas. In turn, technology makes people's desire more and more inflated. This inevitably leads to the contradiction between people's spiritual emptiness and sufficient reality in the Internet era. In this case, the new age’s “Don Quixotes” emerge.

“Don Quixotes” of the new age imperceptibly inherit, in a transgenerational manner, the four spirits of the Don Quixote: keeping the faith, willing to take risks, helping the weak, and rebelling against the injustice. With the aid of network, some people, on the one hand, have become guardians of the virtual world, denouncing darkness and evil, and want to be the most loyal guardians of light and justice. Meanwhile, on the other hand, returning to reality, they become ideal realists, stick to their convictions, give sympathy to the weak, and persevere in the pursuit of their ideas.

3.2.1 Keeping the faith

What impresses the readers most in Don Quixote is Don Quixote’s obsession with the doctrine of chivalry, which is often seen as a farce rather than a spirit of keeping the faith. And that's what Cervantes tells readers in the novel.

Critics of the Spanish drama of a certain period in the Middle Ages noted that the Spanish drama "retained the form of chivalry but neglected its essence, and indulged in a foolish and almost hysterical nervousness for honor” (Prestige, 2010: 31). Don Quixote becomes obsessed with romances of chivalry and did the ironic act of chivalry. His remorse before dying conveys his pursuit of knightly honor and reflection on the romances of chivalry.

Don Quixote consciously follows the spirit of chivalry and strictly implements the external expression and internal requirements of chivalry. The shield, the helmet, the knighthood, and the conversation between the knight's master and his servant are all indispensable parts of a knight's life. Don Quixote disguises his knighthood from the outside in order to prove the legitimacy and credibility of his own identity. In comparison, the inherent requirements attached to knighthood in chivalric novels are more challenging. He believes that knights who do something meaningful and contributing to society, were an important part of society. It is the duty of the knight to stand up against the evil, so as to uphold justice and settle the society. Having understood the meaning of knighthood, he attributes his motivation to the performance of knighthood. In addition, placing honor on the target makes the knight gain the value and meaning of life. Don Quixote glorifies the beloved Dulcinea, to whom he places his pure spiritual love, and "serves her with all his heart, with all his loyalty, and asks for nothing in return” (Cervantes, M.D, 2009). In the face of obstacles or hardships, the lover has spiritual support; After overcoming hardships or obstacles, lovers become a way to express their honor. Don Quixote extends from the faithful love of his beloved to the defense of the honor of many women, demonstrating his knighthood.

In action, Don Quixote is a knight in the true sense of the word. This means that he carries out the chivalry spirit in action, endows the knight with the real existence value. It takes bravery and courage to be a knight, and Don Quixote shows that bravery and courage as a knight when he fights his enemies. The knight wins the favor of the sweetheart and the recognition of the public by means of competition, so as to obtain the real sense of honor. The Forest Knight boasts that his lover is a beauty, that he has won the body of Don Quixote. So Don Quixote demands a contest to break his false sense of honor and maintain his own knighthood. Honor is the foundation of chivalry, and Don Quixote shows his worth as a knight by jousting. By defeating the Forest Knight, Don Quixote ennobles the knighthood with legitimacy and justice, demonstrating his power and defending the honor of knighthood. When he failed to compete with the Moon Knight, he gave up his knighthood and ran away in accordance with the established rules of knighthood: "the loser must wait for the winner" (Zhang, 2002: 84). This is a failure of the knight, but it does not really deny Don Quixote's loyalty to the knight and his significance as a knight.

In the real world, Don Quixote's loyal faith to chivalry has unwittingly infected the citizens of modern life. Although citizens in the Internet era can hear more and see farther because of the freedom of Internet, this does not mean that they will get lost in the numerous world views. On the contrary, they can find their own beliefs and stick to them. It is especially outstanding in terms of the performance of modern youth. For example, in the past, we often heard that the post-90s generation was what people called the beat generation. However, the post-90s generation, as the early beneficiaries of modernization, did not get lost in this comfortable environment, but most of them carried the banner of the society. When a fire, an earthquake breaks and an epidemic break out, people can always see one of them as a firefighter, a soldier, a nurse, or a doctor, standing by the common people and silently contributing to their ideals. It turns out that these young men, who have been misinterpreted as the beat generation, have become knights of the modern society, Modern “Don Quixotes” are acting to uphold their own beliefs. “Don Quixotes” keep their faith and practice their chivalry with actions. They have a strong belief in the path they have chosen, because the freedom of the Internet has brought them a broad vision and a better understanding of what is right.

3.2.2 Willing to take risks

Another aspect of Don Quixote's spirits which appeal to readers is his inherent willing to take risks, which still shines in the age of the Internet.

“People who are willing to take risks will never settle down and will always put their dreams into practice.” (Liu, 2013: 4) Don Quixote's life is full of the spirit of adventure. One of the most vivid moments in the novel is when Don Quixote, on his second outing, and Sancho meet 30 or 40 windmills in the countryside. Don Quixote sees them as thirty or forty giants to fight against. Even though Sancho shouts that it is a windmill to stop him, he is so full of demons and ghosts that he doesn’t even answer. He rushes at the first windmill and drive his long spear into its wings. But the windmill throws him and his horse out of the way. Thanks to Sancho's help, he manages to get up from the ground. This episode may be amusing to read, but it speaks volumes about Don Quixote's sense of adventure. In Don Quixote's personal world, when confronted with the presence of a giant, he does not flee, but bravely steps forward to confront it. And this spirit is very common in modern people.

The Internet era changes people not only from the individual heart, but also from the whole structure of the society. There are always different roles in the division of labor in the society, and the Internet has helped to update the society. Modern “Don Quixotes” are no longer wedded to past professional pursuits, such as doctors, teachers and lawyers, instead, they are more and more willing to take risks in their whole life, which is similar to Don Quixote, who is always willing to face danger and not afraid of choice. Young people are looking into new career fields. Some people who are fond of Han Chinese costume choose to become designer of Han-style clothes through self-study at their own expense; Some people are so passionate about e-sports that they become e-sports players; Some people, aiming at the prospect of the new media industry, manage to find like-minded partners and set up their own we-media platforms to challenge the traditional media. Meanwhile, a part of the elderly who are not willing to lag behind the young people, adhering to the spirit: Never too old to learn, signs up for the university for the elderly, want to explore the second career of life.

The young and the old, who have broken away from the traditional view of the profession, are using practice to convey their sense of adventure to the whole society. This is not only the revival of Don Quixote's spirit in a new era, but also the new progress of this age.

3.2.3 Helping the weak

Don Quixote's chivalry predestines his inner softness: he is always ready to help the weak. On Don Quixote's second outing, he fights with a shepherd who speaks indiscreetly to him. At this moment, the trumpets sound, and Don Quixote makes haste to cease the fight. He sees a team of ascetic penitents, mistaking it for a gang of robbers who have taken a good woman, and steps forward to stop the violence. However, Don Quixote is considered by the other side to be a madman, and nearly dies in the crossfire. Don Quixote is mocked and beaten again and again in his adventures, not only because of his obsession with chivalry, but also because of a strong sense of compassion which this obsession brings him.

Don Quixote's strong desire to help the weak is widespread on the internet of this era. For example, Shuidichou, as an emerging Internet fundraising platform, frequently launches messages in cyber communities asking for help from people with illnesses. Once the knights see the information released, they spread it out among their own social groups at an astonishing rate. And this kindness spreads through their enthusiasm, unwittingly assimilating more and more citizens, which leads to the expansion of group with compassion. Most obviously, among Wechat Moments of contemporary college students, more and more articles about fundraising and donation are being forwarded. The spirit of helpfulness in the Internet society affects every citizen in a new way of communication, which greatly enhances the capacity of individual empathy. Don Quixote’s spirit of helping the weak revives in the society and is consolidated by the power of the Internet.

3.2.4 Rebelling against the injustice

As Zhou Ziya (2019) says: “Most of the time, people's judgment criteria can not be separated from the framework formulated by the society, but it is worth reflecting on where the individual consciousness will go under the constraints of the society.” Don Quixote is a paradoxical image - a collection of dogmatic constraints and impulses to break the rules. In the face of injustice, the reaction around us is mostly to avoid it. However, what surprises the reader is Don Quixote, who, like a fool, fights injustice even when humiliated.

In fact, Don Quixote, shattered by the cruel reality, is so powerful in the spiritual world that he completely ignores the existence of the objective world. He worships the knight with perfect personality rather than the king with wealth and splendor. He is deeply influenced by the chivalric novels and carries out the actions and ideas in the novels into the real life, which reflects his pursuit of virtue and heroism. In the society described in the novel, although chivalry is out of date, injustice is everywhere, when there is a need for someone to stand up and do something. One of the most frequently cited examples in the novel, but interpreted in a different way, is Don Quixote's rescue of a child, Andres. Andres was hired to work for a man, and his employer hung him from a tree and beat him for demanding money. Don Quixote, after encountering him, asked about the situation and ordered the employer to release the child, pay him back as he was paid, and give him a reward. After Don Quixote leaves, the employer not only failed to pay, but whipped the child. Most of the general citations focus on the comic effect of Don Quixote's "good deeds" and forget the ugly reality of the employer not paying back the unpaid wages but flogging the unpaid.

In the Doge's Palace, Don Quixote said this:

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