60万吨/年石墨选矿厂设计毕业论文
2021-10-25 09:10
摘 要
2010年10月4日，一年一度的诺贝尔奖揭晓仪式在瑞典首都斯德哥尔摩举行。5日下午，瑞典皇家科学院将本年度的物理学奖项授予了来自英国曼彻斯特大学的两名科学教授，以表彰他们在石墨烯领域内做出的杰出贡献。虽然颁奖时间是在2010年，但是“石墨烯”这个名词却出现于6年前，即在2004年两位科学院士就制成了石墨烯。那时候诞生的这种新材料就掀起了科学界的一股飓风，然而凭借着这次世界最高等级的物理学奖的加持，石墨烯转瞬成为欧盟“未来新兴旗舰技术项目”的宠儿，石墨转眼间成为当今世界各国提升综合国力的重大战略资源。中国地大物博，石墨矿产资源含量相当丰富，石墨总量世界第一。正凭借如此巨大，丰富的石墨储量，也使得我国成为可以在诸多国家中傲视群雄的石墨产量大国。不仅如此，各种领域和工业生产对于石墨的应用有着极大的需求，有呈现供不应求的势态，所以我国石墨的生产情况甚至能左右科学的发展以及工业的生产，有着举足轻重的地位。石墨因为其特殊的物理化学性质，所有拥有着非常广阔的应用消费领域，据有关资料显示：耐火材料占比约26%，铸造业占比15%，润滑剂制造占比14%，制动衬片占比13%，铅笔占比7%，电池材料、柔性石墨、等静压石墨、石墨乳等其它材料占比25%。因此，设计出符合国家政策、经济效益突出的石墨矿选矿厂非常有必要。
设计根据提供的选别方案和数据，拟定出了年处理量为60万吨的石墨矿选矿厂工艺流程。根据矿石的物理性质，破碎筛分流程作业采用三段一闭路，磨矿流程作业则选择两段全闭路，选别流程作业则采取一段粗选、一段精选、一段扫选。石墨矿石经过以上工艺流程选矿后，石墨品位由5%提高至94.00%。由任务书给定的原始条件和报告中的试验数据分别计算出处理量、产率、品位及有用矿物回收率，矿浆含水量、矿浆体积、补加水等等，并根据算出的结果来选择各种选矿设备的型号。由此画出各个车间的工艺布置图、选矿厂的总平面图。
关键词：石墨；流程计算；设备选型
Abstract
On October 4, 2010, the annual Nobel Prize ceremony was held in Stockholm, capital of Sweden. On Friday afternoon, the royal Swedish academy of sciences awarded this year's physics prize to two science professors from the university of Manchester for their contributions to the field of graphene. Although the prize was awarded in 2010, the term "graphene" appeared six years ago, in 2004, when two scientific academicians made it. At that time, the new material created a hurricane in the scientific community. However, with the support of the world's highest physics prize, graphene soon became the favorite of the "future emerging flagship technology project" of the European Union, and graphite soon became a major strategic resource for the improvement of the comprehensive national strength of all countries in the world. China has a vast territory and abundant resources. The content of graphite mineral resources is quite rich, and the total amount of graphite is the first in the world. With such huge and abundant graphite reserves, China has become a leading country in graphite production in many countries. Moreover, various fields and industrial production have a great demand for the application of graphite, which is in short supply. Therefore, the production of graphite in China can even influence the development of science and industrial production, has a pivotal position. Graphite because of its special physical and chemical properties, all has the very broad application consumption field, according to relevant data shows: refractory accounted for about 26%, casting industry accounted for 15%, the lubricant production accounted for 14%, brake lining accounted for 13%, pencil accounted for 7%, battery materials, flexible graphite, isostatic pressing graphite, graphite and other materials accounted for 25%. Therefore, it is necessary to design a graphite ore concentrator that conforms to the national policy and has prominent economic benefits.
According to the separation scheme and data provided, the process flow of graphite mineral concentrator with an annual capacity of 600,000 tons was worked out. Based on the physical properties of the ore, the broken screen flow operation USES the three sections of a closed circuit, grinding process is to choose two full closed circuit, separating process are taking a roughing, a selection, a scavenging. The graphite grade increased from 5% to 94.00% after the above process. By specification given initial conditions, the test report data respectively to calculate the capacity, yield, grade and mineral products, recovery of pulp, pulp volume moisture content and water, etc., and according to the calculated results to choose models of various kinds of mineral processing equipment. Draw the process layout of each workshop, the general plan of the concentrator.
Key words: Graphite，Process calculation，Equipment selection
目录
给定条件 III
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 目的及意义 1
1.2 世界 1
1.3 中国 1
第2章 选矿工艺流程的选择与计算 2
2.1破碎筛分流程的选择与计算 2
2.1.1破碎筛分流程的选择确定 2
2.1.2破碎筛分流程的计算 2
2.1.3破碎筛分流程的计算 3
第3章 石墨选矿厂数质量工艺流程计算 4
3.1各段产率计算 4
3.2各段处理量计算 4
3.3各段品位计算 5
3.4列出浮选流程数质量平衡表 6
3.5各环节，产物水量的计算 9
3.6各作业补加水量计算 9
3.7各作业和产物的矿浆体积计算 9
第4章 选矿厂主要的设备选型和计算 11
4.1 破碎筛分车间设备的选择与计算 11
4.1.1 Ⅰ段粗碎设备的选择与计算 11
4.1.2 Ⅱ段中碎破碎机的选择与计算 12
4.1.3 III段细碎破碎机的选择与计算 13
4.2 筛分设备的选择与计算 13
4.3 粗磨设备的选型与计算 15
4.3.1磨机磨矿细度确定 15
4.3.2磨机的现场条件 15
4.3.3磨机生产能力的计算 16
4.3.4磨机台数n及负荷率η计算 16
4.3.5列出方案比较表，确定最终方案 17
4.3.6 按磨机通过能力核对q≤t/h·m3 18
4.3.7列出磨机性能指标表 19
4.4分级设备的选型与计算 19
4.4.1 分级机类型的选择是依据分级粒度的粗细（0.15mm为标准） 19
4.4.2 求螺旋分级机的直径 19
4.4.3核对选定分级机溢流生产能力 19
4.4.4核对选定分级机返砂生产能力 20
4.4.5确定是否满足与球磨机的配置要求 20
4.4.6列出螺旋分级机性能表 20
4.5石墨矿再磨设备的选型与计算 20
4.5.1 Ⅰ次再磨设备的选型与计算 20
4.5.2 Ⅱ次再磨设备的选型与计算 21
4.5.3 Ⅲ次再磨设备的选型与计算 21
4.6 浮选设备的选型与计算 21
4.6.1 浮选原始资料 21
4.6.2根据（石墨选矿）和现厂资料选定各浮选机规格型号 22
4.6.3计算所需选定浮选机的槽数n计 22
4.6.4列出所有选定的粗选、扫选及各次精选浮选机的技术性能表 22
4.7 辅助设备的选型与计算 23
4.7.1原矿仓（粉碎车间矿仓）的选择与计算 23
4.7.2原矿仓下给矿机（粗碎给矿机）的选型与计算 23
4.7.3磨矿仓给矿机下胶带运输机的选型与计算 24
4.7.4搅拌槽的选型与计算 24
第5章 选矿厂设计图纸 26
第6章 结论 27
教材及参考书 27
致谢 28
给定条件
该石墨矿石属于中等难碎性矿石（石墨矿石的真比重为，堆比重为，磨矿机的循环负荷为）。
设计要求：
①；
②；
③；
根据以下选别流程来进行石墨选矿厂的流程计算以及选矿设备的选型和计算。
图1 磨矿浮选车间流程图
设计条件表1
设计条件内容 | |
选矿厂生产能力Q（t/d） | 1818 |
原矿品位(%) | 5.0 |
原矿最大粒度直径Dmax(mm) | 500.00 |
粗磨原矿中-0.074mm含量（%） | 6.00 |
粗磨产品细度-0.074mm含量（%） | 60.00 |
最终精矿品位（%） | 94.00 |
最终精矿回收率（%） | 85.00 |
磨机给料最大粒度 | 15.00 |
浮选流程给定原始指标-设计条件表2
产物号 | 4 7 9 12 14 16 |
品位β（%） | 5.00 44.67 8.50 76.22 84.22 88.00 |
作业回收率E（%） | 83.00 24.00 90.00 94.00 89.00 |
回收率ε（%） | 85.00 |
矿浆流程给定原始指标-设计条件表3
