论文总字数：20691字

摘 要

豆渣是豆制品加工过程中的主要副产物。我国大豆资源丰富，每年约产2000万吨的豆渣。干豆渣中约含有45％～69％的膳食纤维，12％～28％的蛋白质，6％～14％的脂肪，多种维生素以及各种矿物质等。当前豆渣的应用方式主要是动物饲料或直接丢弃。这样不仅经济产值低，而且极容易污染环境。

本实验以豆渣为原料，测定干豆渣中各成分含量，结果如下：总膳食纤维60.05％、蛋白质20.19％、脂肪6.61％、灰分4.14％、水分9.01％。经研究碱解去除豆渣蛋白质的最佳条件为：料水比1:20,碱解温度80％，碱解时间2h，碱解pH为12。上述碱解条件处理后的豆渣上清液稀释100倍后吸光值为0.4187，蛋白质浓度为0.0706mg/mL。

实验还研究了以豆渣碱解后的沉淀作为木塑材料的植物纤维来源，制备的木塑材料的力学性能。各成分配比如下：碱解后豆渣粉45％、HDPE材料40％、偶联剂3％、润滑剂2％、矿物质粉10％。制备出的样品板材最优力学性能：拉伸强度12.68MPa，弯曲强度25.4MPa，冲击强度3.48KJ/m²。最优碱解处理条件是碱解温度80％，碱解pH为12。实验结果表明以碱解处理后的豆渣粉为木塑材料中植物纤维来源制备的板材力学性能可达到市场要求水平，有一定的应用前景。

关键词：豆渣 膳食纤维 木塑材料 力学性能

Preparation of Wood-plastic composite material

ABSTRACT

Bean dregs are the main byproducts in the processing of soy products. China's soybean is rich in resources, about 20 million tons per year of soybean dregs. Dry bean dregs contain about 45% to 69% of dietary fiber, 12% to 28% protein, 6% to 14% fat, vitamins and various minerals. The current application of bean dregs is mainly animal feed or direct discard. This is not only low economic output, but also very easy to pollute the environment.

The results were as follows: total dietary fiber 60.05%, protein 20.19%, fat 6.61%, ash 4.14%, water 9.01%. The optimum conditions for the removal of soybean residue protein were as follows: the ratio of material to water 1:20, the rate of alkali hydrolysis 80%, the time of alkaline hydrolysis 2h, the pH of alkali solution was 12. After the above-mentioned alkali solution treatment, the residue of the okara was diluted 100 times and the absorbance was 0.4187 and the protein concentration was 0.0706 mg / mL.

The mechanical properties of the wood-plastic materials were also studied. The mechanical properties of the wood-plastic materials were also studied. Ingredients are as follows: Alkaline solution 45% of soybean meal, HDPE material 40%, coupling agent 3%, lubricant 2%, mineral powder 10%. Preparation of the best mechanical properties of the sample plate: Tensile strength is 12.68 MPa, Bending strength is 25.4 MPa, Impact strength is 3.48 KJ/m². The optimum alkaline hydrolysis conditions were as follows: alkali hydrolysis temperature 80%, alkali hydrolysis pH 12.The experimental results show that the mechanical properties of the slab powder prepared by alkali solution treatment can reach the market requirement level and have some application prospects.

Key words: Bean dregs；Dietary fiber；WPC；Mechanical properties

目 录

摘 要........................................................................................................................Ⅰ

ABSTRACT.............................................................................................................Ⅱ 第一章 文献综述...................................................................................................1

1.1豆渣的介绍........................................................................................................1

1.1.1豆渣中的蛋白质.......................................................................................1

1.1.2豆渣中的膳食纤维...................................................................................2

1.1.3膳食纤维的检测方法...............................................................................2

1.2木塑复合材料的介绍.......................................................................................3

1.2.1木塑复合材料的加工工艺............................................................................3

1.2.2木塑复合材料制备过程中的助剂................................................................3

1.2.3木塑复合材料的性能....................................................................................4

1.2.4木塑复合材料的界面相容性........................................................................4

1.3本课题的研究内容和意义...............................................................................5

第二章 实验部分...................................................................................................6 2.1药品及仪器.......................................................................................................6 2.2实验内容...........................................................................................................7

2.2.1豆渣成分含量测定.................................................................................7

2.2.2豆渣的碱液处理.....................................................................................8

2.2.3上清液蛋白质含量测定.........................................................................8

2.2.4不同碱解条件下豆渣沉淀物制得的材料的力学性能.........................8

2.2.5豆渣未处理和处理后所制得的板料的性能测试.................................8

2.2.6碱解豆渣粉制备木塑材料.....................................................................9

第三章 结果与讨论............................................................................................10 3.1 实验结果........................................................................................................10

3.1.1豆渣的成分及含量...............................................................................10

3.1.2不同碱液处理豆渣的蛋白质去除效果...............................................10

3.1.3未处理的豆渣所制得的板料的性能测试...........................................14

3.1.4不同碱解条件下豆渣沉淀物制得的材料的力学性能.......................14

3.1.5碱解豆渣粉制备木塑材料...................................................................18

3.2讨论.................................................................................................................18

第四章 结论与展望............................................................................................20

4.1结论.................................................................................................................20 4.2展望.................................................................................................................20

参考文献...................................................................................................................21

致谢.............................................................................................................................24

第一章 文献综述

1.1豆渣的介绍

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