12万m3d城镇污水处理厂工艺设计毕业论文
2022-01-18 09:01
论文总字数：19267字
摘 要
我国经济快速发展的同时，环境问题日益突出。因此，人们对环境质量的要求也越来越严格，尤其是近年来问题频发的水源和大气方面。2007年，太湖蓝藻大量爆发，引发了大面积的水域污染。自此，对水资源的保护逐渐受到社会各界的广泛关注。污水，作为造成水污染的元凶之一，应该得到适当的处理才能排放到自然水体中，学会设计一套合格的污水处理工艺也就成了本专业学生的一门必修课。
本文根据已有的水文、地理条件以及处理规模，对各种污水处理工艺进行了比较与选择，确定此次将采用A2O活性污泥法，主要工艺流程如下：
污水通过污水管网进入厂内，先通过中格栅进入污水泵房，污水经过提升后，先后流经细格栅——平流式沉砂池——辐流式初沉池——A2O反应池——辐流式二沉池——接触消毒池，最后通过管道自流排入自然水体。
污泥处理流程如下：初沉池污泥自流进储泥池；回流污泥和剩余活性污泥从二沉池排入污泥泵房，回流污泥从泵房回流到厌氧池。剩余活性污泥从泵房流入浓缩池，经过浓缩后流入储泥池，再排入污泥脱水机房，最终运到焚烧厂进行焚烧。
关键词：水污染 污水处理 活性污泥法
Process Design of 120000 m3 Urban sewage treatment Plant
Abstract
With the rapid development of China's economy, the environmental problems are becoming more and more prominent.Therefore, people's requirements for environmental quality are becoming more and more strict, especially in the water source and atmosphere where problems occur frequently in recent years.In 2007, a large number of blue algae broke out in The taihu lake, which caused a large area of water pollution.Since then, the protection of water resources has been paid more and more attention by all walks of life.Sewage, as one of the culprits of water pollution, should be properly treated before it can be discharged into natural water bodies. Learning to design a set of qualified sewage treatment technology has become a compulsory course for students of this major.
In this paper, according to the existing hydrological and geographical conditions and treatment scale, various sewage treatment processes are compared and selected, and it is determined that A2O activated sludge process will be used this time.The main process flow is as follows：The sewage enters the plant through the sewage pipe network, and first enters the sewage pump room through the middle grille.After the sewage has been lifted, it flows through the fine grille,horizontal sand settling tank,radial primary settling basin,A2O reaction pool,radial secondary settling basin and contact sterilizer one after another.Finally, the sewage is discharged into the natural water by natural flow.
The sludge treatment process is as follows：The sludge from the primary sedimentation tank flows into the sludge storage tank.The backflow sludge and residual activated sludge are discharged from the secondary sedimentation tank into the sludge pump house,then the backflow sludge flows from the pump house to the anaerobic tank.The remaining activated sludge flows from the pump house into the concentration tank, after which it flows into the sludge storage tank, and then into the sludge dewatering machine room, which is finally transported to the incineration plant for incineration.
Key words：water pollution; sewage treatment; activated sludge method
目录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第一章 设计资料 1
1.1设计规模 1
1.2城市自然状况 1
1.3污水水质 1
第二章 处理工艺的比选 2
2.1沉砂池的比选 2
2.2沉淀池的比选 2
2.3污水处理工艺的比选 3
2.4 A2O法介绍 3
2.5污泥处理工艺比选 3
2.6工艺流程图 4
第三章 计算说明书 5
3.1设计污水水量 5
3.2中格栅 5
3.3污水提升泵房 8
3.3.1集水池的设计 8
3.3.2选泵 8
3.4细格栅 9
3.5平流式沉砂池 10
3.6初沉池 13
3.7 A2O生化反应池 16
3.8二沉池 22
3.8.1辐流式二沉池的设计参数 22
3.8.2 二沉池尺寸计算 23
3.9化学除磷 26
3.10接触消毒池 27
3.10.1接触池的设计参数 27
3.10.2接触池的设计计算 27
3.10.3加氯间设计 28
3.11 污泥浓缩池 29
3.11.1 设计参数 29
3.11.2 设计计算 29
3.12储泥池（一座）计算 31
3.13污泥脱水间 31
3.13.1 污泥设计计算 31
3.13.2 脱水机型号的选择 32
3.14 污泥泵房设计 32
3.14.1泵房集泥池设计 32
3.14.2泥泵选型 32
3.15 巴氏计量槽 33
第四章 厂区总体布置 35
4.1总平面布置 35
4.2高程布置 36
参考文献 39
致谢 40
第一章 设计资料
1.1设计规模
根据苏南某市总体规划，拟建设一座12万m3/d的城镇污水处理厂，要求采用生物处理工艺，处理出水达到《城镇污水厂污染物排放标准》（GB18918-2002）一级A排放标准。
1.2城市自然状况
地理位置：位于苏南地区。年平均温度15.9℃，最高温度37.8℃，最低温度-8.5℃。年平均降雨量达1004.8mm。主导风向：夏季东南风，冬季西北风。无自发性震源，强度在4级以下。土壤冰冻深度：0.28m。地下水水位：平均距地表3.5m。
污水由管径1200mm的管道直接输送入污水处理厂格栅间，其管内底标高48.60m，充满度65%。污水排放水体最高水位47.30m，常水位46.20m，最低水位44.50m。厂区按整平地形考虑,平均标高为51.60m。
1.3污水水质
表2-1 进水水质与出水水质要求表
