论文总字数：22136字

摘 要

伴随着我国能源结构的调整和对新能源的需求的增加，因为液化天然气（LNG）的存储效率高，具有环保的优点，所以成为了代替石油的主要清洁能源。液化天然气基本上是通过船舶运输到我国，所以我国沿海港口的LNG船舶数量快速增加，因此LNG船舶与其他船舶之间的交通冲突变得越来越明显，同时因为液化天然气具有低温，易燃性和爆炸性等特点，对LNG船舶运输中的安全管理也变得更加严格，对港口水域保障LNG船舶的通航安全提出了更高的标准。因为目前我国还没有内河LNG船舶，但是LNG船舶进入长江的趋势越来越明显，因此为了保障进入长江的LNG船舶航行的安全性，应该研究内河LNG船舶的安全航行方法。

对于LNG船舶的进出港通航安全管理，国内外为了确保LNG船舶的安全，通常是设定移动安全区域。移动安全区域的范围一般较大，难以适应实际的通航环境。本文从保障在港口水域LNG船舶的安全航行出发，提出了LNG船舶航行动态安全领域。对内河LNG船舶航行动态安全领域需要考虑的影响因素及设置进行研究，以长江下游不同航段安全领域的设置为具体内容进行研究。

主要研究内容包括：第一，对LNG船舶进入内河航道航行的通航要求进行分析，包括LNG船舶的危险特性和操纵特性，要明确LNG船舶在长江下游不同航段的通航安全要求。

第二，分析内河LNG船舶航行动态安全领域设置需要考虑的因素，LNG船舶航行安全领域的影响因素大体上可分为：船舶结构的因素、驾驶员的因素、航道环境因素三个部分。

第三，以长江下游航段为研究范围，对长江下游航段水域的通航环境进行分析，包括桥区通航河段的特点，然后结合规范标准与内河航道实际情况，基于LNG船舶的操纵特性，讨论LNG船舶在长江下游航段航行时动态安全领域的设置。

关键词：内河；LNG船舶；长江下游；航行安全领域；通航安全要求

Abstract

With the requirement for new energy increasing and the China's energy structure changing, liquid natural gas has come into the main clean energy alternative to oil due to its advantages of easy transportation, high energy storage efficiency, and environmental protection. China has become a major trading country for LNG, and a large amount of LNG is transported by ship to the country. The number of LNG ships in coastal ports will increase significantly, and the traffic conflict between LNG ships and other ships will be more obvious. At the same time, the low temperature, flammability, and explosive nature of LNG make LNG safe management stricter during ship transportation, which puts forward higher requirements for ensuring the navigation safety of LNG ships in port waters. Because there is currently no inland LNG ship in operation in China, and the trend of LNG ships entering the Yangtze River is very obvious, it is necessary to study the safe navigation of LNG ships in order to ensure the future navigation safety of LNG ships entering the Yangtze River.

By referring to domestic and foreign literatures, regarding the safety management of LNG ship entry and exit ports, domestic and foreign countries usually set up LNG ship entry and exit mobile safety zones to ensure the safety of LNG ships. The range of mobile security zones is generally very large, but it is difficult to adapt to the actual navigation environment. This article proposes the dynamic safety field of LNG ships from the perspective of ensuring the safe navigation of LNG ships in port waters. We should ponder the field of dynamic safety of inland LNG ships are studied, and the settings of different safety sectors of the Yangtze River are studied as specific content.

The main ways include:research the navigation requirements of LNG ships entering the inland waterway, including the dangerous characteristics and handling characteristics of LNG ships, and clarify the safety requirements of LNG ships in the various segments.

Secondly, analyze the factors that need to be considered in the setting of the dynamic safety field of inland LNG ship navigation. The influencing factors of the LNG ship navigation security field can be divided into four categories: human factor, ship factor, navigation environment factor and navigation management factor.

Thirdly, taking the lower reaches of the Yangtze River as the research scope, the navigation environment of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River is analyzed, including the characteristics of the navigation area of the bridge area and the routing water area. The standard and the real situation of the inland waterway are connected, based on the maneuvering characteristics of the ship, discussing the setting of the dynamic safety field for LNG ships sailing in different sectors along the lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

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