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毕业论文网 > 毕业论文 > 材料类 > 金属材料工程 > 正文

硒化钴电极的制备及电化学性能研究毕业论文

 2022-01-22 11:01  

论文总字数:20169字

摘 要

化石能源的持续消耗引发了人们对新能源的探索,其中锂离子电池由于能量密度高在过去二十年中已经取得长足的发展和广泛的应用。然而锂资源的短缺使得其进一步的发展受到了阻碍,因此与锂同族的钠离子电池由于资源丰富,价格低廉受到了人们的关注。其中过渡金属硒化物作为典型的转化型材料,其理论比容量高,结构稳定,非常合适作为钠离子电池的负极材料。

本论文所示实验以六水合硝酸钴[Co(NO3)2·6H2O],2-甲基咪唑(C4H6N2),硒粉(Se),氢氧化钠(NaOH)为主要原料,采用原子自沉积法生长Co-MOF,然后在氩气(Ar)氛围下高温碳化,继而水热法合成硒化钴,最后进行磷掺杂,成功制备了磷掺杂硒化钴电极作为钠离子电池的负极材料。对合成的样品采用X射线衍射,X射线能谱电子能谱分析,拉曼光谱等表征方法进行样品的组成和结构表征,样品的形貌通过扫描电子显微镜进行表征,通过新威电池测试仪表征样品的电化学性能。

实验结果表明,我们成功制备了前驱体,经过碳化,硒化,磷化一系列处理以后获得磷掺杂硒化钴。电化学测试结果表明硒化钴电极用作钠离子电池负极材料时,在0.5 A/g的电流密度下显示出766 mAh/g 的容量,在电流密度为5 A/g时,循环100圈之后电池容量为262 mAh/g。然而由于稳定性不太理想的电极材料结构,电池容量衰减较大,因此极片的结构还需要进行优化。

关键词:钠离子电池,硒化钴,转化型电极材料

Abstract

The continuous consumption of fossil energy leads to the exploration of new energy, among which lithium ion battery has made great progress and wide application in the past two decades due to its high energy density. However, the lack of lithium resources impedes new developments. Therefore, due to abundant resources, the low price of the same group of lithium sodium ion batteries has attracted people's attention. Among them, transition metal selenide is a typical conversion type material, and its theoretical specific capacity is high and its structure is stable, which is very suitable as a negative electrode material for sodium ion batteries.

The experiments shown in this paper are based on 2-methylimidazole, selenium powder (Se), cobalt nitrate hexahydrate [Co(NO3)2·6H2O], sodium hydroxide (NaOH), carbon cloth as the main raw material, using atomic auto deposition method. The Co-MOF is grown, and then subjected to high temperature annealing to form a Co array, and hydrothermal synthesis of cobalt selenide. Neware battery tester is characterized by the electrochemical properties of the sample.

The experimental results show that we have successfully prepared the precursor and obtained the phosphor-doped cobalt selenide after a series of treatments including carbonization, selenization and phosphating. Electrochemical test results showed that when cobalt selenide electrode was used as the negative electrode material of sodium ion battery, it showed A capacity of 766 mAh/g at A current density of 0.5 A/g, and A capacity of 262 mAh/g after 100 cycles at A large current density of 5 A/g. However, due to the unstable structure of the electrode material and the large attenuation of the battery capacity, the structure of the electrode plate still needs to be optimized.

Keywords:Sodium ion battery ,Cobalt selenide,Conversion electrode material

目录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 引言 1

1.2钠离子电池概述 2

1.3钠离子电池正极材料 4

1.3.1层状氧化物 4

1.3.2 隧道型氧化物 5

1.3.3 NASICON结构Na3V2(PO4)3 5

1.3.4过渡金属氧化物正极材料 5

1.4负电极材料及研究进展 6

1.4.1嵌入型钠离子电池负极电材料 6

1.4.2合金型钠离子电池负极材料 6

1.4.3转化型钠离子电池负极材料 7

1.5 硒化钴 7

1.6 课题研究内容和目的 8

第二章 实验部分 9

2.1 实验原料 9

2.2 实验仪器 9

2.3 实验流程 10

2.3.1原子自沉积生长Co-MOF 10

2.3.2高温退火生成Co阵列。 10

2.3.3水热法合成硒化钴 10

2.3.4气相法磷掺杂硒化钴 10

2.4 电池组装与测试 10

2.4.1 极片制备 10

2.4.2 半电池组装 10

2.4.3 电化学性能测试 11

2.5 实验表征方法 11

2.5.1 X射线衍射物相分析(XRD) 11

2.5.2拉曼光谱仪(Raman Microspectrometry) 11

2.5.3 X射线光电子能谱(XPS) 11

2.5.4扫描电子显微镜(SEM) 11

第三章 结果与讨论 12

3.1 Co-MOF的微观形貌分析 12

3.2 Co阵列形貌与组成结构分析 13

3.3 硒化钴形貌与组成结构分析 14

3.4 P-CoSe2形貌与组成成分分析 15

3.5 电化学性能分析 17

第四章 结论与展望 19

4.1实验结论 19

4.2实验展望 19

参考文献 20

致谢 23

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