论文总字数：15082字

摘 要

作为理论预测的超硬新材料，氮化碳可能具有良好的力学、电学、光学性能和广泛的应用前景。而利用光催化剂将太阳能转化为人类可以直接利用的能量，并解决地球资源枯竭是可再生清洁能源研究的一个重要方向。g-C₃N₄的独特结构赋予其良好的光催化性能,使之成为光催化领域的研究热点。

本论文讨论了g-C₃N₄的制备和研究并论述了不同条件对其光催化性能的影响，将5.0g的三聚氰胺粉末放入到30 mL的陶瓷坩埚中，加盖置于马弗炉中分别在500，550，580和600℃下煅烧4 h，取出自然冷却后研磨过筛即可。样品分别标记为g-C₃N₄-X（X为煅烧温度，℃），并且其中以550℃合成的氮化碳与碳点复合研究其对光催化能力的改变。

本论文得出的主要结论如下：

1. 马弗炉中煅烧三聚氰胺得到的氮化碳，由于不同的煅烧温度所得到的氮化碳光催化能力也是不同的。在580℃下煅烧得到的氮化碳其光催化能力最强。
2. 氮化碳在复合了其他物质如碳点对其的光催化性能是有较大的改进的。同样温度下很明显光催化降解罗丹明B为复合了氮化碳的效果更强。

关键词：g-C₃N₄ 光催化 罗丹明B

Polymer photocatalyst g-C₃N₄ Preparation and research

ABSTRACT

As predicted by the theory of new superhard materials carbon nitride may have good mechanical, electrical and optical properties and a wide range of applications. The use of photocatalytic solar energy into energy that a human can be directly utilized, and to address the depletion of the Earth's resources is an important direction of renewable clean energy research. g-C3N4 unique structure gives it good photocatalytic properties, making it become a hot topic in the field of photocatalysis.

This paper discusses the g-C3N4 preparation and research and discusses the different conditions on the photocatalytic properties thereof, the melamine powder is put into a 30 mL 5.0g ceramic crucible placed in a muffle furnace stamped respectively calcined at 500,550,580 and 600 ℃ 4 h, after removing the natural cooling can be milled and sieved. Samples are labeled g-C3N4-X (X is the calcination temperature, ℃), and in which 550 ℃ synthesis of carbon nitride and carbon composite study point to change light catalytic ability.

The main conclusions are drawn as follows:

(1) Carbon nitride muffle calcined melamine obtained, since carbon nitride photocatalytic ability of different calcining temperatures obtained are different. Carbon nitride obtained by calcining at 580 ℃ photocatalytic strongest.

(2) carbon nitride composite of other substances, such as its photocatalytic properties of carbon point is to have a greater improvement. It is also clear Photocatalytic Degradation of Rhodamine B is a composite temperature the greater the effect of carbon nitride.

Key Words：g-C₃N_{4 ;}Photocatalytic;Rhodamine

目录

摘 要 I

ABSTRACT II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1论文的研究背景 1

1.2光催化研究的概述 2

1.3污染物对人类的危害 2

1.4氮化碳的制备方法 3

1.4.1物理气象沉积 3

1.4.2化学气象沉积(CVD) 3

1.4.3高温高压合成 3

1.4.4液相电沉积法 4

1.4.5合成的缺点与总结 4

1.5 g-C₃N₄的改性和研究 4

1.5.1非金属掺杂...................................................................................................4

1.5.2金属掺杂................. .....................................................................................5

1.5.3染料敏化.......................................................................................................7

1.5.4半导体复合...................................................................................................7

1.6氮化碳的应用..........................................................................................................8

1.6.1光解水制氢...................................................................................................8

1.6.2降解有机染料...............................................................................................8

1.6.3作为超硬薄膜材料.......................................................................................8

1.7论文的研究目标及内容..........................................................................................9

第二章 实验内容及方案 10

2.1实验试剂与仪器 10

2.1.1实验试剂 10

2.1.2实验仪器 10

2.2实验方法 11

2.2.1氮化碳的制备 11

2.2.2 g-C₃N₄的表征 11

第三章 实验结果及分析 14

3.1单体氮化碳对罗丹明的光催化效果....................................................................14

3.2氮化碳与碳点复合之后对于光催化性能的改进................................................14

3.3实验结果与讨论....................................................................................................15

第四章 结语 17

4.1本论文的主要结论................................................................................................17

4.2展望........................................................................................................................17

参考文献 18

致 谢 20

第一章 绪论

1.1 论文的研究背景

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