1. 研究目的与意义、国内外研究现状（文献综述）

Bladder stones, also known as urinary calculi or uroliths are mineral crystals that are formed into clamps in urine, which are common in both dogs and cats. The stonesoccurrence can be genetic, diet or medication and can cause serious discomfort in pets. Bladder stones differ in size and some can bepassed in urine without even noticing and some may lead to obstruction^[1,5]. There are several factors which are responsible for the formation of urinary stones and it is important to understand the treatment and prevention of the stones, that includes optimal pH which favors saltcrystallization, high concentration of salt in urine^[2,8]. There is higher risk of stone calcium oxalate formation in advancing age, more than it is in no-calcium oxalate forming dogs. Early intervention should be considered to minimize the disease morbidity^[3,9]. Imaging and physical examination are required to diagnose and locate the stones, urine culture, complete blood count and urinalysis should be included when evaluating a patient with lower urinary tract calculi^[4,6,7].

The research project is conducted within the premises of school, using published papers and hospital clinical records to study the diagnosis and treatment of canine urolith case.

2. 研究的基本内容和问题

1，研究的目标

（1）look through references, collect history records, compare and analyze the clinical symptoms, examination, diagnosis and treatment of canine urolithiasis cases.

（2) the diagnosis and treatment of case of canine urolithiasis from teaching animal hospital of nanjing agricultural university were summarized and analyzed, and the case report will be written.

3. 研究的方法与方案

1，研究方法

（1）look through references, collect history records, compare and analyze the clinical symptoms, examination, diagnosis andtreatment of canine urolithiasis cases.

（2）the diagnosis and treatment of case of canine urolithiasis from teaching animalhospital of nanjingagriculturaluniversity were summarizedand analyzed, and a case report will be written.

4. 研究创新点

The researchproject is based on the diagnosis and treatment of the bladder stones in pets, byusing the correctmethod of applying general examination/ physical examination, understanding the present clinical diagnosis and making use of radiology and biochemicaltest achieve accurate results.

5. 研究计划与进展

（1）The research project will be carried out from Feb 17th to May 20th

（3）The report will befinished before May 25th