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毕业论文网 > 毕业论文 > 理工学类 > 新能源科学与工程 > 正文

基于透明太阳电池的微小型CPV/T太阳能综合利用效率分析毕业论文

 2022-01-09 09:01  

论文总字数:26155字

摘 要

太阳能的利用可分为光电利用和光热利用,光热和光电是对太阳辐射不同的利用方法,利用设备完全不同,光电利用的设备主要是各种光伏电池,而光热利用的设备主要是各种集热管和集热板。为了使单位面积的光电或光热设备产生更多的电能或热能,聚光系统成为太阳能利用的趋势。不论是光伏电池或是集热设备,其价格一直都在较高的水平,使用聚光系统可以减少光伏电池和集热设备的使用。将聚光系统与光伏电池相结合,会出现一些问题,由于单位光伏电池上聚集了过多的太阳辐射,电池温度过高,进而影响光伏电池的效率,甚至会对光伏电池的结构产生破坏。所以聚光光伏系统需要额外的冷却装置,冷却装置经过改造后,利用获得的热量,从而开始进行光伏光热一体化的研究。

随着太阳能光伏与光热的应用,光伏光热一体化成为了研究新方向。提出了一种基于透明太阳电池的微小型CPV/T系统模型,并介绍了其组成,工作原理和结构设计方法。透明太阳能电池选用了一种基于S2透明电极的钙钛矿太阳能电池,其光电转化率优异,对于红外线有较好的透射性,为后续热利用创造了条件。太阳能集热器选用的是一种可与建筑物集成的微抛物槽式太阳能集热器,其优点是结构简单,年热效率较高,能得到较高温度的工作液。将太阳能电池和集热器结合组成CPV/T系统,采用Matlab软件计算CPV / T系统的综合利用效率,并对计算结果进行分析,对模型进行优化。由结论可知,该系统年综合光学效率最高可达51.6%,光电转换效率可达33.1%,瞬时热效率在工作液200℃时达50.4%,日综合光学效率在春分和秋分时最高可达58.9%。

关键字: Matlab CPV/T 综合利用效率 钙钛矿太阳能电池

Abstract

The utilization of solar energy can be divided into photoelectric utilization and photothermal utilization. Photothermal and photoelectricity are different utilization methods of solar radiation, and the utilization equipment is completely different. The equipment for photoelectric utilization is mainly various photovoltaic cells, and the equipment for photothermal utilization is mainly Various collector tubes and collector plates. In order to make the photoelectric or photothermal equipment per unit area produce more electrical or thermal energy, the concentrating system has become the trend of solar energy utilization. Regardless of whether it is a photovoltaic cell or a heat collecting device, its price has always been at a relatively high level, and the use of a concentrating system can reduce the use of photovoltaic cells and heat collecting devices. Combining the concentrating system with the photovoltaic cell will cause some problems. Due to the excessive solar radiation accumulated on the unit photovoltaic cell,the temperature of the cell is too high,which affects the efficiency of the photovoltaic cell and even destroys the structure of the photovoltaic cell. Therefore, the concentrating photovoltaic system needs an additional cooling device. After the cooling device is modified, the obtained heat is used to start the research of photovoltaic photothermal integration.

With the application of solar photovoltaic and photothermal,photovoltaic photothermal integration has become a new research direction. A micro CPV/T system model based on transparent solar cells is proposed, and its composition, working principle and structural design method are introduced. For the transparent solar cell, a perovskite solar cell based on the S2 transparent electrode is selected, which has excellent photoelectric conversion rate and can transmit most infrared rays, which creates conditions for subsequent heat utilization. The solar collector uses a micro-parabolic trough solar collector that can be integrated with the building. It has the advantages of simple structure, high annual thermal efficiency, and high temperature working fluid. Combining solar cells and heat collectors to form a CPV/T system, Matlab is used to calculate the comprehensive utilization efficiency of CPV/T system, and analyze the calculation results and optimize the model. It can be seen from the conclusion that the annual comprehensive optical efficiency of the system can reach 51.6%, the photoelectric conversion efficiency can reach 33.1%, the instantaneous thermal efficiency can reach 50.4% at the working fluid temperature of 200 ℃, and the daily comprehensive optical efficiency can reach 58.9% at spring equinox and autumn equinox.

Key Words: Matlab; CPV/T; Comprehensive utilization efficiency;Perovskite solar cell

目录

第一章 引言 1

1.1. 研究背景 1

1.1.1. 现代能源形势 1

1.1.2. 太阳能利用方式及改进 1

1.2. 国内外研究现状 2

1.2.1. 光伏光热一体化研究历史 2

1.2.2. 聚光光伏技术进展与改进 3

1.2.3.透明太阳能电池进展 6

1.3. 聚光光伏工程应用 6

1.4. 研究目的及方法 7

第二章 透明太阳能电池的透射性研究及分析 9

2.1. 太阳能电池建模 9

2.2. 太阳能电池分析 10

2.2.1. 太阳能电池光电性能分析 10

2.2.2 太阳能电池透射性分析 12

第三章 微小型太阳能聚光器的光学建模与分析 13

3.1. 聚光器的物理模型 13

3.2. 光学建模及相关计算 14

3.3 光学建模优化分析 18

第四章 微小型太阳能聚光器的热学建模及分析 20

4.1 太阳能聚光器的热学建模 20

4.2 热学建模计算与分析 22

4.3 经济性分析 25

第五章 结论与展望 27

5.1 结论 27

5.2 不足与展望 27

参考文献 29

致谢 32

第一章 引言

    1. 研究背景

1.1.1. 现代能源形势

能源即能量的来源,它可以是一种蕴藏着能被人类利用能量的物质,如:煤炭、石油、天然气……也可以是某些物质处于的运动状态,如:风能、水能、太阳能……能源的发展与人类社会的生存和发展息息相关,几乎可以说能源使用的种类的改变直接标志着人类从一个时代跨入另一个时代。

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