论文总字数：29463字

摘 要

随着科学技术的发展，越来越多的飞行器飞上天空服务人类。从飞行1000m的高空观光飞行器到工作在20-40km平流层通信平台。根据工作环境性质的不同，飞行器的飞行高度也不相同，在飞行器舱内设备不断更新换代的同时，内部电子元件产生的热量也在不断地增加，因此对舱内电子设备的热控制也变得至关重要。电子元件的冷却方式从最早的自然对流冷却、强制风冷、相变冷却到现在的微通道冷却、喷雾冷却等。电子设备的冷却与其他设备不同，尤其是处于高空飞行器舱内的电子设备，不仅要求冷却效率高，还要求材料的质量轻，散热均匀，运行安全稳定，能够在低压环境下正常工作。

本文主要通过肋片效率和高空环境的分析，用flotherm热分析软件建立模型，模拟高空环境，设计分析散热器。其主要从事如下工作：

（1）建立散热器的传热模型，通过对高空飞行器仪器舱散热元件传热特点进行研究，建立合理的边界条件和初始条件。

（2）完成对风扇的选型以及的肋片效率的分析过程。

（3）分析发热功率，翅片形状，翅片面积和对散热器传热性能的影响规律，对散热器热量传递的稳态和非稳态过程进行分析。

（4）通过command center模块进行类片结构参数的优化，完成所要设计的散热器结果参数的选择。

（5）通过校核，看看散热器是否能在高空9000米，舱内温度为10℃的条件下满足电子元件内部温度的要求。

关键词：电子设备 散热器 flotherm软件 微通道

Design and analysis of high-altitude aircraft cabin radiator

Abstract

With the development of science and technology, more and more aircraft to fly on the sky in the service of mankind. From the sightseeing vehicle flight 1000m altitude to work with 20-40km stratospheric communication platform. According to the nature of the work environment of different flight height is not the same, in aircraft cabin constantly updated equipment replacement at the same time, its heat is constantly increasing. Therefore, the thermal control of electronic equipment in the cockpit becomes critical in. Along with the increasing of the heat produced by the electronic device, the heat of the electronic equipment control requirements are also getting higher and higher. From the first natural convection cooling, forced air cooling, fluid phase change cooling to now the micro communication Cooling and spray cooling. Electronic equipment cooling and other equipment, especially in the high altitude aircraft cabin electronic equipment, requires not only high cooling efficiency, also called light material quality, uniform heat dissipation, safe and stable operation to under low-pressure environment work.

This paper mainly through the analysis of the fin efficiency and high altitude environment, Flotherm analysis software model is established and simulated altitude environment, design and analysis of the radiator. The main work is as follows:

(1) to establish the heat transfer model of the radiator, through the research on the heat transfer characteristics of the heat transfer element in the instrument module of the high altitude aircraft, to establish reasonable boundary conditions.

(2) to complete the selection of the fan and the analysis of the efficiency of the rib.

(3) analysis of the heat power, fin shape, fin area and the heat transfer performance of the heat sink, the heat transfer of the heat transfer of the steady-state and unsteady process analysis.

(4) through the center command module to optimize the design of the radiator to complete the selection of the results.

(5)check to see if the radiator can be 9000 meters high altitude, the cabin temperature of 10 degrees Celsius to meet the requirements of the internal temperature of electronic components.

Keywords: electronic equipment; radiator; flotherm software; microchannel

目 录

摘要.........................................................................Ⅰ

ABSTRACT........................................................Ⅱ

第一章 绪论..................................................................1

1.1 研究背景及意义.........................................................1

1.2 现阶段国内外的散热手段.................................................2

1.2.1 风冷散热器.......................................................2

1.2.2 热管散热器.......................................................2

1.2.3 喷雾冷却.........................................................3

1.2.4 微通道散热器.....................................................4

1.3 本文所研究的内容.......................................................4

1.4 本章小结...............................................................5

第二章 flotherm软件的介绍和翅片效率的计算...............................6

2.1 flotherm软件的介绍......................................................6

2.1.1 flotherm软件的背景原理.............................................6

2.1.3 flotherm软件的功能特点............................................7

2.2 翅片的分析.............................................................9

2.2.1 概述.............................................................9

2.2.2 肋片的传热性能..................................................10

2.3 风扇的选型............................................................16

2.4 本章小结..............................................................18

第三章 飞行器电子设备热分析和模型的建立.................................19

3.1 高空环境理论分析......................................................19

3.1.1 舱内流体介质的连续性............................................19

3.1.2 强制对流换热系数................................................19

3.2 模型的建立............................................................20

3.2.1 分析过程........................................................20

3.2.2 模型的建立......................................................21

3.2.3 模型的比较......................................................23

3.2.4 边界条件........................................................25

3.2.5 网格划分........................................................25

3.2.6 网格独立性验证..................................................27

3.3 本章小结..............................................................28

第四章 分析优化.............................................................29

4.1 肋片形状对散热特性的影响..............................................29

4.2 不同热源功率对散热特性的影响..........................................34

4.3 不同导热率对散热特性的影响............................................35

4.4 风扇流量对散热特性的影响..............................................35

4.5 散热表面积对散热特性的影响............................................36

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