论文总字数：24946字

摘 要

格陵兰冰盖是世界第二大冰盖，近年来物质损失加速。快速冰流导致的溢出冰川崩解是造成冰盖物质损失的重要原因。因此，冰盖表面流速是冰盖动力学的重要参数之一，精确的冰流速测算将有助于准确评估格陵兰冰盖物质损失。本文以10 m空间分辨率Sentinel-2卫星遥感影像作为数据源，提出一种利用冰面水系监测格陵兰冰盖溢出冰川流速的新方法。该方法首先综合横纵断面特征从Sentinel-2影像中自动识别冰面水系。其次，通过相干点漂移算法配准冰面水系同名特征点，利用特征点集运动速率数据插值计算冰川流速。最终获取了2016-2018年间格陵兰冰盖冰流速遥感监测结果。实验结果表明，研究区夏季消融期冰平均冰流速由7月的2.05 m/d递减至8月的1.96 m/d，年际平均冰流速由2016年的689.82 m/a递减至2018年的680.06 m/a，流速在空间上整体呈现出由西南至东北递减的规律。同时，本文通过与MEaSUREs格陵兰冰盖流速产品进行相关性统计分析，验证了研究结果具有较高的可靠性。

关键词：冰流速 冰面水系 CPD配准算法 陵兰冰盖

Remote sensing monitoring of ice velocity of Greenland

ice sheet based on ice water system

Abstract

The Greenland Ice Sheet is the second largest ice sheet in the world and has accelerated its material losses in recent years. The collapse of glaciers caused by rapid ice flow is an important cause of the loss of ice sheet material. Therefore, the surface velocity of the ice sheet is one of the important parameters of the dynamics of the ice sheet. Accurate ice velocity measurement will help to accurately assess the material loss of the Greenland ice sheet. In this paper, we used a 10 m spatial resolution Sentinel-2 satellite remote sensing image as the data source, and proposed a new method for monitoring the flow velocity of the Greenland ice sheet overflowing glacier using the ice surface water system. Firstly, we use the method integrates the horizontal and vertical profile features to automatically identify the ice water system from the Sentinel-2 image. Secondly, we used the coherent point drift algorithm to register the feature points of the same name in the ice water system, and the glacier flow velocity is calculated by interpolation of the feature point set motion rate data. Finally, the results of remote sensing monitoring of the Greenland ice sheet ice velocity from 2016 to 2018 were obtained. The experimental results show that the average ice velocity during the summer melting period of the study area decreases from 2.05 m/d in July to 1.96 m/d in August, and the interannual average ice velocity decreases from 689.82 m/a in 2016 to 680.06 in 2018. m/a, and presented a law of decreasing from southwest to northeast in space. Moreover, this paper verifies the research results with high reliability by correlating with the existing Greenland ice sheet flow rate products.

Keywords: Ice velocity; Supraglacial rivers; CPD registration algorithm; Greenland Ice Sheet

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1研究背景与意义 1

1.2国内外研究现状 2

1.2.1冰面水系提取研究 2

1.2.2冰盖表面流速遥感监测研究 2

1.3研究内容与论文组织 3

1.3.1研究内容 3

1.3.2论文组织 4

第2章 研究区与数据 5

2.1研究区概况 5

2.1.1格陵兰冰盖概况 5

2.2.2格陵兰东北研究区概况 5

2.2研究数据 6

2.2.1遥感影像数据 6

2.2.2现有格陵兰冰流速产品 6

第3章 冰面水系提取与特征点配准 8

3.1冰面水系提取 8

3.1.1归一化水体指数计算 8

3.1.2综合横纵断面特征的冰面河流提取 8

3.2基于CPD配准算法的目标水系特征点配准 10

3.2.1目标水系特征点提取 11

3.2.2同名特征点配准 11

第4章 冰流速计算与制图分析 12

4.1冰流速计算 12

4.1.1基于坐标文件计算特征点运动速率 12

4.1.2基于空间插值计算研究区冰流速 13

4.2冰流速制图分析 14

4.2.1夏季消融期平均冰流速 14

4.2.2年际平均冰流速 14

4.2.3冰流速剖面图 14

4.2.4研究结果相关性统计分析 17

第5章 结论与展望 19

5.1结论 19

5.1.1夏季消融期平均冰流速 19

5.1.2年际平均流速 19

5.2展望 19

参考文献 21

致谢 24

第一章 绪论

1.1研究背景与意义

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