论文总字数：37678字

摘 要

旋转切削加工是机械制造中主流的加工方法，为改善其零件材料性能的缺陷，可引用滚压加工技术，但碍于普通滚压加工也不够理想的表面处理效果，引进超声技术，形成超声滚压强化技术，以此能较大程度提升材料的表面性能。但目前而言，国内超声技术滞后性严重，且没有完整超声机床设备。

而本文总体的任务是设计双侧超声滚压强化机床机构，结合超声技术的发展现状。首先，对超声滚压强化技术进行简单介绍。

其次对超声滚压强化装置进行方案设计，然后对超声电源，换能器，变幅杆进行分析设计，分别从材料选择、性能要求、适用范围、实际需求等几个指标出发，选择设计出最优的超声强化装置。

最后，对超声机床结构进行分析设计，根据课题要求，选取适用的机床结构。然后再对结构零件进行分析选择，选择传动机构，驱动装置，连接件等等。其次，对立柱导轨进行分析设计，以实现整个加工刀具的上下及进给运动，完成双侧加工需求。

关键词：超声滚压强化技术；表面性能；超声装置；机床结构分析；

Mechanism Design of Bilateral Ultrasonic Rolling Strengthening Machine Tool

ABSTRACT

Rotary cutting is the mainstream machinery manufacturing processing methods, to improve the parts material defects, and the performance of portable rolling processing technology, but because of the common rolling processing also insufficient ideal surface treatment effect, the introduction of ultrasonic technology, ultrasonic rolling reinforcement technology, used can greatly improve the surface performance of material. But at present, the hysteresis of domestic ultrasonic technology is serious, and there is no complete ultrasonic machine tool equipment.

The overall task of this paper is to design the mechanism of bilateral ultrasonic rolling machine, according to the development of ultrasonic technology. Firstly, the ultrasonic rolling strengthening technology is briefly introduced.

Secondly, the ultrasonic rolling strengthening device was designed, and then the ultrasonic power supply, transducer and amplitude rod were analyzed and designed. The optimal ultrasonic strengthening device was selected and designed based on several indexes, including material selection, performance requirements, application scope and actual demand.

Finally, the structure of the ultrasonic machine tool is analyzed and designed. According to the subject requirements, the suitable machine tool structure is selected. Then the structural parts are analyzed and selected to select the transmission mechanism, driving device, connector and so on. Secondly, the guide rail of the column is analyzed and designed to realize the up and down and feed movement of the whole machining tool and complete the requirements of bilateral machining.

Key words: Ultrasonic rolling strengthening technology; Surface performance; Ultrasonic device; Machine tool structure analysis;

目录

摘 要 I

ABSTRACT II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1课题的研究背景与意义 1

1.2课题的研究技术 1

1.2.1超声技术的提出 1

1.2.2滚压强化技术的提出 2

1.2.3超声滚压强化加工技术的提出 3

1.3课题的主要研究内容 3

第二章 超声滚压强化的装置分析与设计 5

2.1超声滚压强化系统的设计方案 5

2.2超声波发生器 5

2.2.1超声波发生器的选择 6

2.2.2超声波发生器与换能器的匹配 7

2.3换能器的选择 7

2.3.1压电陶瓷 8

2.3.2压电陶瓷换能器材料选择 8

2.3.3压电陶瓷换能器频率与振幅选择 9

2.3.4夹心压电陶瓷换能器的设计 9

2.3.4换能器的组装 12

2.4变幅杆的选择 12

2.4.1变幅杆的形状与材料 13

2.4.2变截面纵波动方程 13

2.4.3阶梯形变幅杆的计算 14

2.5工具头的选择 16

2.6超声滚压强化装置的集成与测试 17

第三章 超声滚压强化加工机床的方案设计 18

3.1机床的整体方案设计 18

3.2机床本体 18

3.2.1机床床身与结构 18

3.2.2工作台、丝杠导轨及轴承 19

3.2.3立柱 19

3.2.4工作液 20

3.3机床加工系统 20

3.3.1机床加工系统的要求 20

3.3.2机床卡盘的选择 21

3.3.3驱动电机的选择 21

3.3.4超声波电源 22

3.3.5电机控制系统 22

第四章 机床关键部件的选择与校核 23

4.1伺服电机 23

4.1.1伺服电机的参数计算 23

4.1.2伺服电机的型号选择 24

4.2滚珠丝杠及轴承 24

第五章 经济性分析 27

参考文献 29

致谢 31

第一章 绪论

1.1课题的研究背景与意义

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