论文总字数：17480字

摘 要

电动牵引车是电动汽车中一种用于农业、工业等的运输车辆。本文主要对电动牵引车中最重要的一环-驱动系统进行设计。电动牵引车的储存动力源是蓄电池，电动牵引车驱动系统的基本功用是将蓄电池中的动力经过电动机传给驱动桥来驱动车轮，使牵引车行使。

在设计中采用直流串励式电动机驱动，后置电动机和后轮作为驱动轮的方案。电动机驱动主减速器经过锥齿轮差速器驱动两个半轴；电动机的中心轴线与驱动轮的轴线相平行，因此主减速器采用两级直齿圆柱齿轮传动。采用全浮式半轴且用螺钉将半轴与轮毂连接来传递扭矩。驱动桥壳采用的是组合式结构，一端连接于减速器箱总成，另一端由轮毂轴承支撑在车轮上。正确选择主减速器上的齿轮传动比分布;计算功率和运动参数的计算;从接触强度方面明确中心距；计算齿轮的几何参数和强度；从扭转强度角度对轴的尺寸进行设计；校核轴和齿轮的强度和轴承的寿命。还需减速器箱体的设计，对半轴和驱动桥壳的进行结构设计和强度校核。

关键词：电动牵引车；全浮式半轴；组合式桥壳；直流串励式电动机；单电机集中驱动

Design of Electric traction vehicle-driving system

Abstract

Electric tractor is a kind of transport vehicle used in agriculture, industry and so on. In this paper, the most important link-drive system of electric tractor is designed. The storage power source of the electric tractor is the battery. The basic function of the drive system of the electric tractor is to transfer the power of the battery through the motor to the drive axle to drive the wheel, so that the tractor can exercise.

The DC series motor is used in the design, and the rear motor and rear wheel are used as the driving wheel. The main reducer driven by the motor drives two half-shafts through the bevel gear differential, and the central axis of the motor is parallel to the axis of the driving wheel, so the main reducer is driven by two-stage straight cylindrical gears. Transfer torque by fully floating half-shaft and connecting the shaft to the hub with screws. The drive axle housing is composed of one end connected to the decelerator box assembly and the other end supported by the hub bearing on the wheel.The correct choice is made for the distribution of transmission ratio on the main reducer, the calculation of the power and motion parameters, the determination of the center distance from the contact strength, the calculation of the geometric parameters and strength of the gear, the design of the shaft size from the point of view of torsional strength. Check shaft and gear strength and bearing life. The structure design and strength check of the half-shaft and drive axle case are also needed.

Key words: electric tractor，full floating half shaft， combined bridge housing， DC series motor， single motor centralized drive

目 录

摘 要 Ⅰ

Abstract Ⅱ

第一章 引 言 1

1.1 电动牵引车的工作特点和发展状况 1

1.2 电动牵引车驱动系统的主要设计思路 1

第二章 方案设计及选择 2

2.1电动牵引车的总体结构方案分析 2

2.2驱动系统总体设计 3

2.3电动牵引车基本性能参数 5

第三章 电动牵引车驱动系统的设计及计算 6

3.1电动机的选型和计算 6

3.2车轮及轮胎的选型与计算 6

3.3主减速器的设计和计算 7

3.3.1主减速器传动比的分配 7

3.3.2计算运动和动力参数 7

3.3.3计算齿轮的几何参数和强度校核 8

3.3.4减速器中的轴设计和计算 16

3.3.5中间轴的平键强度校核 17

3.3.6减速器中的轴强度校核 17

3.3.7轴承寿命校核 21

3.3.8减速器箱体的设计 22

3.3.9差速器的选择和设计 23

3.4半轴的设计和计算 23

3.4.1半轴的结构种类 23

3.4.2确定半轴的结构和轴径 23

3.4.3花键的尺寸设计和强度校核 24

3.4.4用于半轴连接的螺钉强度校核 24

3.5轮毂的设计和强度校核 25

3.5.1轮毂的结构设计 25

3.5.2轮毂与轮辋的连接螺栓的强度校核 26

3.6驱动桥壳的设计和计算 27

3.6.1驱动桥壳的结构形式设计 27

3.6.2驱动桥壳的强度计算和校核 27

3.6.3驱动桥壳与主减速器的连接螺钉的强度校核 29

第四章 总 结 30

致谢 31

参考文献 32

附录 33

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