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毕业论文网 > 毕业论文 > 化学化工与生命科学类 > 药学 > 正文

28-高芸苔素内酯中间体-22E-烯-3α,5-环-5α 胆甾-6-醇的合成工艺研究毕业论文

 2022-01-22 11:01  

论文总字数:19378字

摘 要

芸苔素内酯是一种新型植物生长调节剂,它不仅具有其它五大类植物激素的部分功能特性,还兼有其他激素所不具有的另一部分生物活性,对促进植物的生长有重要作用,被生物界称为第六类激素,其生物活性远远大于现有五大激素,而且适用于大部分植物的绝大部分时期。

芸苔素内酯在自然植物中广泛存在,但是因为其含量极其微少,通过提取得到的产物含量极少,而且纯度不高,过程费时费力,难以满足研究和应用需求。幸运的是,我们还发现自然界的豆甾醇中具有芸苔素内酯的基本母体骨架,因此,我们可以利用廉价易得的豆甾醇作为原料来进行芸苔素内酯的产业化生产。虽然目前市场上已经有极其少量的工业化生产的芸苔素内酯工艺,但事实上目前的工艺还是存在很多有待优化的地方,如配体生产成本较高,中间体分离困难,收率偏低等等,这些难题依然值得继续研究并加以解决。

有鉴于此,本毕业论文决定开展 28-高芸苔素内酯前2步的合成研究。中间体22E-烯-3α,5-环-5α胆甾-6-醇是由豆甾醇原料经磺酰化以及碱性条件闭环反应反应两步得到的,通过进行研究与改进中间体的生产工艺和工艺条件,以原有的工艺为基础,优化生产过程中碱的种类,溶剂的种类,水的比例与水和溶剂的配比等,使得第二步的产率从65%提高到85%。简化各步反应的分离工艺,得到最佳流动相配比乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:50。用此方法进行反应与分离,产物产率得到极大提高,利于28-高芸苔素内酯中间体22E-烯-3α,5-环-5α胆甾-6-醇的产业化生产。

关键词:28-高芸苔素内酯 第六类激素 豆甾醇 22E-烯-3α,5-环-5α胆甾-6-醇

ABSTRACT

28-brassinolide is a new green plant growth regulator,known as the sixth class hormone. Its biological activity has some functional characteristicd of other kinds of hormones, which plays a very important role in promoting the growth of Various plants. Its biological activity is far more than the existing five kinds of hormones, and it is suitable for most periods of most plants.

The content of brassinolide series compounds estracted from natural plants is very small, and the purity of the extracted products is not high, so it is difficult to meet the needs of research and application. Fortunately, the natural 1egusterol has the basic matrix of 28-hyperbrassinolide and 28-superbrassinolide, so we can use 1egusterol as raw material for the industrialized production of brassinolide. Although there are very few commercial1y produced brassinolide processes in the market at present, in fact, the current process still has many places to be optimized, such as high ligand production cost, difficult intermediate separation, 1ơw yield and so on.These problems are sti11 worth studying and so1ving.

Inview of this, this thesis decided to carry out 28-brassinolide first 2 steps of synthesis research. Intermediates 22E-ene-3,5-cyclo-5 cholesteric-6-alcohol is made up of stigmasterol materrial via sulfonyl and closed-loop response been the two reaction of alkaline conditions,throughthe study and improve the production process and process conditions of the intermediates,onthe basis of the original process,type of alkaii in the process conditions of optimizing production,the type of solvent,the proportion of water and ratio of water and solvent,make the second step yield increased from 65% to 85%.The separation process of each reaction was simplifiied,and the best flow matching ratio was obtained: ethyl acetate:petroleum ether=1:50.The reaction and separation were carried out by this method,and the yield of the product was greatly improved ,which was beneficial to the industrialized production of 28-brassinolide intermediate-22e-3 a1pha,5 ring - 5 alpha cholesteric-6-a process of alcohol.

Key words:28-brassinolide;The sixth class hormone;Stigmasterol;

22E-ene-3,5-cyclo-5 cholesteric-6-alcohol

目录

摘要 I

ABSTRACT II

第一章引言 2

1.1概述 2

1.1.1 芸苔素内酯的生理作用 2

1.1.2 芸苔素内酯与其它五大植物激素间的关系 3

1.1.3 芸苔素内酯的优点 4

1.2 芸苔素内酯的研究进展 6

第二章28-高芸苔素内酯合成的工艺研究及方法探索 11

2.1 反应路线 11

2.2实验器材 11

2.3反应条件的优化设计 12

2.3.1 (5,22)-二烯-3-甲基磺酰酯的优化设计 12

2.3.2 合成22E-烯-3α,5-环-5α胆甾-6-醇的优化设计 13

2.4操作步骤 13

2.4.1 (5,22)-二烯-3-甲基磺酰酯(2)的制备 13

2.4.2 22E-烯-3α,5-环-5α胆甾-6-醇(3)的制备 14

第三章 分析与讨论 15

3.1(5,22)-二烯-3-甲基磺酰酯(2)优化过程的讨论 15

3.2 22E-烯-3α,5-环-5α胆甾-6-醇(3)优化过程的讨论 15

3.2.1碱性试剂的种类选择 15

3.2.2溶剂的种类选择 17

3.2.3水的最优比例 17

3.2.3溶剂的比例 17

第四章 结论与展望 19

4.1结论 19

4.2展望 19

参考文献 20

致谢 23

第一章引言

1.1概述

芸苔素内酯是一类甾醇类激素,具有高效调节植物体不同时期的生长的功能。在上个世纪七十年代除,美国科学家Grove通过X光衍射和超微量分析确定其甾醇类结构从油菜花粉中分离出芸苔素内酯,发现并证明其属于一种新型绿色环保植物生长调节剂。区别于常规的生长素、赤霉素和脱落酸等激素只能调节植物生长的某些特定时期,芸苔素内酯可以根据植物生长情况的各个生理时期进行调节,因此被广泛应用于农业生产。其他五类现存激素的生理活性远远不如新发现的芸苔素内酯。

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