论文总字数：21180字

摘 要

本论文通过使用丝网印刷和相转变法制备具有多孔阴极形貌的SOFC阴极。相转变法是利用聚合物和溶剂组成的溶液浸入非溶剂凝固浴中，由于扩散引起的溶剂和非溶剂的交换导致浇铸溶液发生相变的原理形成膜。实验中，我们使用的聚合物和溶剂组成的溶液为乙基纤维素溶于松油醇组成，非溶剂凝固浴为水，通过相转变方法优化电极的微观形貌。并对该电极材料进行表征及性能测试。结果表明，电极与电解质之间不存在严重相反应。由微观形貌表明，电极表面存在方便气体运输的多孔道结构。经过相转变修饰之后，单电池在750、700、650、600、550 ^oC下的峰值功率为1346、963、628、334、158 mW cm^-2。而未经相转变的单电池的峰值功率为970、744、502、312、172 mW cm^-2。可以看出，电化学性能有所改善。在650 ^oC下，电池以500 mA cm^-2的电流密度下稳定运行经过40 h后，电池的电压没有大浮动的变化，表明电池具有良好的稳定性。

关键词：固体氧化物燃料电池 钙钛矿 BaCo_0.4Fe_0.4Zr_0.1Y_0.1O_3-δ 相转变 丝网印刷

Preparation of porous cathode materials by phase inversion method for the study of low temperature solid oxide fuel cells

Abstract

In this paper, SOFC cathodes with porous cathodic morphology were prepared by screen printing and phase inversion. In a process of phase inversion, a solution of the polymer and solvent is immersed in a non-solvent coagulation bath, and the process is formed by the principle that phase change occurs in the casting solution due to the exchange of solvent and non-solvent caused by diffusion. In the experiment, the polymer and solvent solution used in our solution were composed of ethyl cellulose in terpineol, and the non-solvent coagulation bath was water, and the microstructure of the electrode was optimized by phase transformation method. And the electrode materials were characterized and tested. The results show that there is no serious reaction between the electrode and the electrolyte. From the microscopic morphology, there is a porous structure with convenient gas transport on the surface. After the phase inversion, the peak power of the single cell at 750、700、650、600 and 550 ^oC is 1346、963、628、334 and 158 mW cm^-2, while the peak power of the cell without phase inversion is 970、744、502、312、172 mW cm^-2, indicating that the electrochemical performance of the cells was improved after phase transition; At 650 ^oC, the battery is stable at a current density of 500 mA cm^-2. And after 40 h, the cell voltage does not change greatly in the voltage, indicating that the battery has good stability.

Keywords: Solid oxide fuel cell Perovskite BaCo_0.4Fe_0.4Zr_0.1Y_0.1O_3-δ Phase inversion Screen printing

目 录

摘 要

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1前言 1

1.2 SOFC概述 2

1.2.1 SOFC的特点 2

1.2.2 SOFC的工作原理 2

1.3 SOFC的主要组件 3

1.3.1电解质材料 3

1.3.2阳极材料 4

1.3.3阴极材料 4

1.4阴极微观结构的优化 7

1.5研究内容和意义 8

第二章 实验与表征 9

2.1实验药品和仪器 9

2.2粉体合成 10

2.3阴极浆料的制备 11

2.4电池的制备 11

2.4.1对称电池的制备 12

2.4.2单电池的制备 12

2.5表征方法 13

2.5.1 X射线衍射 13

2.5.2电子显微镜 13

2.6.1电化学阻抗测试 13

2.6.2单电池性能测试 14

第三章 实验结果与讨论 15

3.1相结构 15

3.2微观形貌 17

3.3接触角测试 18

3.4对称电池阻抗测试 18

3.5单电池电化学性能 20

3.6电池的稳定性 22

第四章 结论与展望 23

4.1结论 23

4.2展望 23

参考文献 24

致 谢 27

第一章 绪论

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