摘 要

本次生产设计的对象油酸三乙醇胺是一种非离子表面活性剂，具有十分优秀的乳化性能和分散性能；发泡能力强，泡沫比较细腻；在酸性介质和碱性介质中具有稳定性；有良好的洗涤性能及防锈能力。与钠皂或锌皂相比具有更好的流动性，料质细腻柔软，稳定性好。能与阳离子型或非离子型表面活性剂混合使用，主要用于金属清洗剂配制、印染工业中的纤维柔软整理剂及匀染剂的配制，也可作为普通工业的乳化剂，对矿物油、植物油、蜡垢等有较好的乳化功能。所以本次的设计生产目标油酸三乙醇胺是具有相当的生产意义和生产价值。

本次设计内容是年产1000吨油酸三乙醇胺生产工艺设计。在阅读大量参考文献和联系国内实际生产情况之后，本设计使用油酸和三乙醇胺直接酯化法合成油酸三乙醇胺，工艺采用间歇式反应工艺，得到高质量产品。该方法操作条件温和，收率相对较高，工艺比较成熟，是较为理想的生产工艺。

本次设计内容主要包括：产品简介，项目背景，设计依据，生产工艺方案，工艺流程设计，物料衡算与能量衡算，主要设备的选型和计算，车间布置设计，环境保护及三废处理等内容。本设计还包括与本项目相关的工艺流程图和车间设备平面布置图等设计图纸。

关键词：油酸三乙醇胺；生产工艺；设计

Abstract

The production of the object design of oleic acid triethanolamine is a non-ionic surfactant, with excellent emulsification and dispersion properties; foam ability, foam fine; in acidic and alkaline medium stability; good washing and antirust ability. More loose than sodium soap or zinc soap, delicate and soft material, good stability. It can be used in combination with cationic or nonionic surfactants. It is mainly used in the preparation of metal cleaning agent, fiber softening agent and leveling agent in dyeing and printing industry^[1]. It can also be used as general industrial emulsifier. For mineral oil, vegetable oil , wax scale, etc. have better emulsifying properties. So this design and production objectives of oleic acid triethanolamine is a considerable production significance and production value.

The design content is an annual output of 1,000 tons of oleic acid triethanolamine production process design. After reading a large number of references and contact with the actual production situation in the country, the design of oleic acid and triethanolamine direct esterification synthesis of synthetic triethanolamine oleate, the process of intermittent reaction process, high-quality products^[2] The method has the advantages of mild operating conditions, relatively high yield, relatively mature process, and is an ideal production process.

The main contents of this design include: product introduction, project background, design basis, production process plan, process design, material accounting and energy balance, the selection and calculation of major equipment, workshop layout design, environmental protection and waste disposal content. The design also includes the project with the relevant process flow chart and shop floor plan and other design drawings.

Key Words：Oleic acid triethanolamine; production process; design

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第1章 绪论 1

1.1 产品名称 1

1.2 物理化学性质 1

1.3 项目背景 1

1.4 设计内容及思路 2

1.4.1 设计主要内容 2

1.4.2 设计主要思路 2

1.5 设计依据 3

第2章 生产方法与工艺流程 4

2.1 生产工艺方案的选择 4

2.2 实验阶段 4

2.2.1 操作过程 4

2.2.2 实验数据与结果 4

2.3 实验配方 6

2.4 工艺流程设计 6

2.4.1 反应原理 6

2.4.2 工艺流程图及简述 6

3.1 衡算依据 7

3.2 物料衡算过程 7

3.2.1 反应方程式 7

3.2.2 反应相关物料计算 7

第4章 能量衡算 9

4.1 加热阶段 10

4.2 控温阶段 10

4.3 冷却阶段 11

第5章 主要设备选型和计算 13

5.1 设计任务 13

5.2 设备选型原则 13

5.3 设计依据 13

5.4 反应釜釜体和夹套的设计与计算 13

5.4.1 确定筒体和封头的几何尺寸 13