论文总字数：36121字

摘 要

散货船运输铁矿粉等易流态化货物已造成多起海上事故的发生，这其中与配载计划以及装、卸货计划有着密不可分的影响，本文就这个问题，对一艘大型散货船运输铁矿粉的配载方案和装、卸货计划进行详细的设计说明，包括对货物性质和运输要求的说明，设计过程中所用到的理论方法及计算公式的解释，最后完成整个设计并进行验证。

铁矿粉的海上运输已被证明具有很高的风险，货物的稳定性起着至关重要的作用。在最近的几十年中，许多载运铁矿粉的船只倾斜或倾覆，造成重大人员伤亡以及财务和经济损失，这些海上事故的主要原因归因于货物液化，这导致货舱中的货物移动，并最终导致船舶不稳定。在货物性质方面，对其稳定性以及造成的事故进行分析，对如何增强其运输途中的稳定性进行探讨。

在设计之前，还需要了解所需遵守的要求以及将要使用的理论方法，其中包括IMO的相关规定以及吃水，稳性以及强度的相关理论，本文中将对其进行详尽的说明。

在设计时，需要综合结合船舶、货物以及港口等多方面的信息，首先确定航线，以此来确定载重线和载货量，接着先按照舱容比例进行货物分配，然后对吃水，稳性，强度进行校核，根据校核对方案进行改正，得到最终方案后根据其制定装、卸货计划。

关键词：散货船；铁矿粉；配载方案；装卸货计划

Abstract

Bulk carriers transporting iron ore powder and other easily fluidized cargoes have caused many marine accidents, which are closely related to the loading plan and loading and unloading plans. This article is about this problem. Carry the iron ore powder loading plan and loading and unloading plan detailed design instructions, including the description of the nature of the cargo and transportation requirements, the theoretical method used in the design process and the interpretation of the calculation formula, and finally complete the entire design andverify .

The sea transportation of iron ore powder has proved to have a high risk, and the stability of the cargo plays a vital role. In recent decades, many ships carrying iron ore fines have been tilted or capsized, causing heavy casualties and financial and economic losses. The main causes of these marine accidents are attributed to the liquefaction of cargo, which causes the cargo in the cargo hold to move, and Eventually, the ship becomes unstable. In terms of the nature of the cargo, it analyzes its stability and the resulting accidents, and discusses how to enhance its stability during transportation.

Before designing, you also need to understand the theoretical methods you have to use to comply with the requirements, including the relevant IMO regulations and related theories of draught, stability and strength, which will be explained in detail in this article.

In the design process, various aspects of information such as information about ships, cargoes, ports, etc. are required. The first step is to set up a good route to achieve the purpose of estimating the load line and cargo capacity, then first distribute the cargo according to the proportion of the capacity, and then the draft, stability, Check the intensity and make corrections based on the check plan. After obtaining the final plan, formulate a loading and unloading plan based on it.

Keywords: bulk carrier; iron ore powder; stowage plan; loading and unloading plan

目录

第一章 引言 1

1.1选题背景 1

1.2设计目的及意义 1

1.3设计内容 1

第二章 固体散货船配载的要求 3

2.1 固体散货运输的运输环节容易出现的问题 3

2.1.1 航行过程中货物流态化 3

2.1.2 配载配积载不当引起船体结构变形或损坏 4

2.1.3 货物装卸作业计划和步骤不合理造成船体结构强度受损 4

2.2 散货船固体散货安全运输的有关要求 4

2.3 固体散货船安全积载和装卸过程中安全控制要求 5

2.3.1 一般要求 5

2.3.2 固体散货的装卸和积载 6

2.3.3 船舶最大、最小吃水的确定 6

2.3.4 合理确定货物装卸顺序和压载水排放方案 7

2.4 分析散货船的稳性、吃水差和强度要求和校核方法 7

2.4.1 稳性 7

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