摘 要

表面等离激元（Surface Plasmon Polariton，SPP）作为纳米光学和材料科学交叉学科的研究热点，在纳米光集成、光学成像、生物传感、数据存储等领域得到了广泛应用。通过金属纳米结构可以实现光学操控，从而可能应用于纳米尺度光学器件的研发，获得了国内外学者的极大关注。本文研究的是SPP作为近场矢量光场的干涉问题，是个最基本的物理问题。干涉的研究对于认识SPP的矢量特性，包括多模波导内SPP模式色散分布，不同模式之间拍频干涉等都会有所帮助。在本文中，通过对金属-介质-金属（MIM）波导本征模式的研究，发现波导中的两个介质/金属界面上的SPP相互耦合劈裂成对称模式和反对称模式；通过对MIM波导模式的激发方式的研究，发现了仅有单侧入射时会同时激发MIM波导的对称模和反对称模，相互干涉形成“拍”进行传播；利用两束有相位差的光从MIM两侧激发，发现了对称模式会被扭曲成反对称模式，揭示了受激发方式调控的SPP模式干涉行为，为研究SPP干涉提供了理论依据。

关键词：表面等离激元 波导 干涉

The study on the Interference Properties of Surface Plasmon Polariton

Abstract

Surface Plasmon Polariton (SPP) is an interdisciplinary research hotspot in nano-optics and material science, and has been widely used in nano-optics integration, optical imaging, bio-sensing and data storage. Optical manipulations can be achieved through metal nanostructures, which may be applied to the research and development of nanoscale optical devices, and has attracted great attention. This thesis deals with the interference of SPP as a near-field vector light field which is a fundamental physics problem. The research on interference will benefit the understanding of vector characteristics of SPP, including the dispersion distribution of SPP modes in multimode waveguides, and beat interference between different modes. In this thesis, we investigate the eigenmodes of metal-insulator-metal (MIM) waveguides, and find that SPPs on the two insulator/metal interfaces in the waveguide are split into symmetric and anti-symmetric modes. When studying the excitation method of the MIM waveguide mode, we find that the symmetric mode and the antisymmetric mode can be excited simultaneously when MIM waveguide is excited at only one side. The two modes propagate by interfering with each other forming a “beat”. Using two beams with different phases to excite both sides of the MIM, we find that the symmetric mode is distorted into an anti-symmetric mode, revealing the SPP mode interference behavior regulated by the excitation method, and providing a theoretical proof for the study of SPP interference.

Key Words: Surface Plasmon Polariton (SPP); Waveguide; Interference

目 录

摘要…………………………………………………………………………………………I

ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………………II

第一章 绪论………………………………………………………………………………1

1.1 表面等离激元的发展………………………………………………………………1

1.1.1 表面等离激元的研究背景…………………………………………………1

1.1.2 表面等离激元的发展简述…………………………………………………1

1.1.3 表面等离激元的发展现状…………………………………………………2

1.2 表面等离激元的基础知识…………………………………………………………3

1.2.1 表面等离激元的原理………………………………………………………3

1.2.2 表面等离激元的性质………………………………………………………5

1.2.3 表面等离激元的激发………………………………………………………5

1.3 本文的总体结构……………………………………………………………………5

第二章 表面等离激元波导……………………………………………………………7

2.1 表面等离激元波导简述……………………………………………………………7

2.1.1 表面等离激元波导发展……………………………………………………7

2.1.2 表面等离激元波导种类……………………………………………………7

2.2 平板波导……………………………………………………………………………8

2.2.1 介质平板波导………………………………………………………………8

2.2.2 对称介质平板波导 ………………………………………………………10

2.2.3 金属/介质/金属对称平板波导 …………………………………………11

第三章 表面等离激元干涉性质……………………………………………………13

3.1 空气/二氧化硅/银介质平板波导………………………………………………13

3.2 银/二氧化硅/银对称平板波导…………………………………………………15

3.3 单端激发…………………………………………………………………………17

3.3.1 单端激发模场分布………………………………………………………18

3.3.2 单端激发的拍频干涉……………………………………………………18

3.4 两束有相位差的光双端激发……………………………………………………20

第四章 结论与展望……………………………………………………………………22

4.1 结论与总结………………………………………………………………………22

4.2 下一步展望………………………………………………………………………22

参考文献…………………………………………………………………………………23

致谢………………………………………………………………………………………25

相关图片展示：