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毕业论文网 > 毕业论文 > 材料类 > 材料科学与工程 > 正文

氮化碳光催化剂的改性及其与仿生纤毛阵列的复合毕业论文

 2022-03-03 08:03  

论文总字数:35502字

摘 要

类石墨相氮化碳(Graphitic Carbon Nitride,g-C3N4)因其不含金属元素,禁带宽度为2.7eV,成了近几年最热门的新型可见光响应半导体光催化剂。同时,负载型光催化薄膜的开发,方便了分离和重复使用光催化剂。

本论文从三个方面对g-C3N4进行改性,从前驱体制备、样品剥离、不同助催化剂考察光解水产氢性能;以三聚氰胺和葡萄糖为原料,通过高温热聚合的方法制备出碳环掺杂的Cring-C3N4。经过热氧化剥离,得到剥离最佳时间6小时的CCN-E样品。采用Ni作助催化剂,考察剥离前后样品的光解水产氢能力,并测得最佳NiCl2加入量为1.5ml(10mmol/L)。对CCN-E再进行改性,采用CoS2作助催化剂与CCN-E复合,得到Co(Ac)2最佳加入量为4%的CoS2-CCN-E。最后,制备仿生纤毛阵列,将CCN-E负载于仿生纤毛阵列上进行光解水产氢实验,回收利用。

通过对样品进行了XRD、SEM、TEM、UVPC、XPS等测试,对其形貌特征、化学组成、光谱吸收性能以及光解水产氢能力进行分析,比较了g-C3N4、Cring-C3N4、CCN-E和CoS2-CCN-E的各项性能。

结果表明,高温热聚合法制备的Cring-C3N4的比表面积变大,拓宽了可见光吸收带。热氧化剥离法剥离的CCN-E,晶面间距明显减小,层状结构明显,光解水产氢能力明显提升。Ni做助催化剂能明显提升CNN-E的产氢性能,但后期稳定性会逐渐降低。水热处理的CoS2-CCN-E光解水产氢过程中,体现出了很好的稳定性,产氢能力较CCN-E有所提升。仿生纤毛阵列负载光催化剂后,能保持与CCN-E粉体相同的光解水产氢效率,具备了很好的稳定性。在其后的使用中,能够简单回收催化剂,重复使用。

关键词:光解水 类石墨相氮化碳 镍 硫化钴 仿生纤毛阵列

Modification of Graphitic Carbon Nitride Photocatalyst and Its Combination with Artificial Cilia Arrays

Abstract

Graphitic Carbon Nitride (g-C3N4), for its absence of metal elements and band gap of 2.7eV, has become one of the most popular new visible light responsive semiconductor photocatalyst in recent years. At the same time, the development of bio-inspired photocatalyst film facilitates the separation and reuse of photocatalysts.

In this paper, several routes have been employed to improve the photocatalytic capacity of g-C3N4. Cring-C3N4 doped with carbon ring was prepared from melamine and glucose by high temperature thermal polymerization. After thermal oxidation exfoliating, the exfoliated Cring-C3N4 (CCN-E) was obtained under the optimum time 6 hours of exfoliation.Metal nickel was used as a cocatalyst to investigate the photocatalytic water splitting capacity of g-C3N4, Cring-C3N4 and CCN-E. The CCN-E was modified by cobalt disulfide which was used as another cocatalyst. We compare the properties of two cocatalysts. CoS2-CCN-E was obtained by hytrothermal method. Last, CCN-E was loaded on the artificial cilia array for photocatalytic water splitting.

Using XRD, SEM, TEM, UVPC and XPS to characterize its morphology, chemical composition, absorption properties and capacity of photocatalytic water splitting, we compared the properties of g-C3N4, Cring-C3N4, CCN-E and CoS2-CCN-E.

The results show that the specific surface area of Cring-C3N4 prepared by high temperature thermal polymerization method is larger, and the visible absorption band gap is decreased. The exfoliation distance of CCN-E is obviously reduced, the lamellar structure is obvious, and the photocatalytic capacity is higher than before. The hydrothermal treatment of CoS2-CCN-E showed good stability during photocatalytic water splitting. After the artificial cilia array loaded with photocatalyst, it can guarantee a certain efficiency of photocatalytic water splitting, and has a good stability. In subsequent use, the catalyst can be easily recovered and reused.

Key Word: Water Splitting; Graphitic Carbon Nitirde; Cobalt sulfide; artificial cilia

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪 论 1

1.1 类石墨相氮化碳的制备方法 2

1.1.1高温聚合法 2

1.1.2气相沉积法 2

1.1.3电化学沉积法 3

1.1.4溶剂热合成法 3

1.1.4固相合成法 3

1.2 g-C3N4光催化性能的改性方法 4

1.2.1 提高g-C3N4比表面积的方法 4

1.2.2 g-C3N4的掺杂改性方法 5

1.2.3 g-C3N4的共聚合改性方法 6

1.2.4 g-C3N4的异质结构筑 6

1.3 g-C3N4光催化剂的应用 8

1.3.1 g-C3N4光解水制备氢气和氧气 8

1.3.2 g-C3N4在其他领域中的应用 8

1.4 仿生纤毛阵列研究简介 9

1.4.1 研究背景 9

1.4.2 仿生纤毛的分类 9

1.5 论文选题依据及研究内容 11

第二章 光催化剂材料的改性方法 13

2.1 实验试剂与设备 13

2.1.1主要实验试剂 13

2.1.2主要仪器设备 13

2.2 光催化剂材料的改性方法 14

2.2.1 高温热聚合法制备Cring-C3N4粉体 14

2.2.2 热氧化剥离法Cring-C3N4粉体 14

2.2.3 助催化剂Ni2 不同加入量下Cring-C3N4的光解水产氢性能 15

2.2.4 水热法制备CoS2复合的CoS2-CCN-E 15

2.2.5 不同催化剂的光催化产氢性能测试 16

2.3 光催化剂性能测试 16

2.3.1 X射线衍射(XRD)物相分析 16

2.3.2 扫描电子显微镜(SEM)测试分析 16

2.3.3 透射电子显微镜(TEM)测试分析 17

2.3.4 紫外-可见漫反射/吸收性能分析 17

2.3.5 BET比表面积测试 17

2.3.6 X射线光电子能谱(XPS)测试 17

2.3.7 光催化活性表征测试 17

2.4 催化剂改性的实验结果与分析讨论 18

2.4.1 g-C3N4与Cring-C3N4的形貌分析 18

2.4.2 g-C3N4与Cring-C3N4的BET比表面积测试分析 18

2.4.3 g-C3N4和Cring-C3N4的X射线光电子能谱(XPS)分析 19

2.4.4 不同剥离时间下Cring-C3N4紫外-可见光吸收图谱分析 20

2.4.5 不同剥离时间下的Cring-C3N4的产氢曲线分析 20

2.4.6 CCN-E的形貌分析 21

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