论文总字数：30381字

摘 要

抄表系统常服务于供电、供水公司的计费。以电力抄表为例，在最开始的时候，供电企业都是雇佣人力定时去各个用电场所进行用电信息的抄取，然后汇总到供电公司的监控中心。这种操作模式无疑在形式上还是结果上都存在极大的弊端，比如误抄或者算错的情况时有发生。近年来，全自动的抄表模式逐渐广泛普及开，并解决了人力抄表存在的弊端。所以说，远程抄表系统代替人工抄表成为未来主要抄表模式已成为必然的趋势。

本文研究基于机器视觉的远程电力抄表系统，原理就是使用摄像头获取图片再通过系统识别并远传。主要采用matlab软件编写程序进行对摄像头的调用和编程以及对所获得的图片进行处理和识别。本文在对摄像头处理方面，主要是对其进行调用以及定时拍摄电表图片。关于系统方面，主要有区域定位、字符分割和字符识别三个模块。其中还包含着图像灰度化、图像增强、图像滤波、边缘检测以及建立模板库等很多小模块来辅助三大模块进行图片的识别与处理。最后编写程序将所得数字传输到excel表中。

关键词：区域定位；字符分割；字符识别；灰度化；图像增强；图像滤波；边缘检测

Abstract

Meter reading systems often serve the billing of power supply and water supply companies.At the beginning, power supply companies hired manpower to regularly go to various power-using locations to copy power usage information, and then summarized it to the power supply company's monitoring center. This mode of operation undoubtedly has great drawbacks in form and result, such as mis-copying or miscalculation. Later, a fully automatic meter reading mode solved the shortcomings of manual meter reading. Therefore, it has become an inevitable trend for the remote meter reading system to replace manual meter reading as the main meter reading mode in the future.

This article is a study of remote replication systems for spreadsheets based on machine vision images. The principle is to use the camera to receive the image, then identify it and transmit it through the system.Mainly use matlab software to write programs to call and program the camera and process and recognize the obtained pictures. In this paper, the camera processing is mainly to call it and take pictures of the meter at regular intervals. The system consists of three modules: locale orientation, digital isolation and character recognition. These modules include small modules such as gradient, optimized image design, image filter, clinical analysis, and templates that provide image identification and completion support for the three modules.Finally write a program to transfer the resulting numbers to an excel sheet.

Keywords: Region positioning;Character segmentation;Character recognition; Grayscale; Image enhancement;Image filtering; Edge detection

摘要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论1

1.1研究背景与意义1

1.2智能抄表的研究现状2

1.3远程无线抄表3

1.4本文研究的主要内容与章节安排 4

第二章 数字图像处理与机器视觉基础6

2.1图像的数字化与机器视觉简介6

2.1.1数字图像处理6

2.1.2机器视觉7

2.2数字图像处理的内容8

2.3图像处理常用算法9

2.4本章小结10

第三章 整体设计思路11

3.1外部设备的调用11

3.2区域定位12

3.2.1图像特征信息分析12

3.2.2图像的灰度化14

3.2.3图像增强15

3.2.4边缘滤波16

3.2.5边缘检测16

3.2.6区域定位18

3.3图像分割18

3.3.1图像的再处理18

3.3.2字符分割18

3.4字符识别19

3.5字符上传21

3.6本章小结21

第四章 抄表系统的实现与优化22

4.1图像的采集22

4.2图像处理24

4.3系统分析及优化31

4.3.1系统分析31

4.3.2系统优化32

4.4本章小结 33

第五章 总结与展望34

5.1总结 34

5.2产品的社会适用性 35

5.3未来展望 35

参考文献36

致谢38

附录39

第一章 绪论

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