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毕业论文网 > 毕业论文 > 机械机电类 > 机械工程及自动化 > 正文

蜡模自动组模设备研制毕业论文

 2021-04-06 09:04  

摘 要

熔模铸造适用于生产形状复杂、精度要求高,或很难用其他加工方法进行加工的小型零件,如涡轮发动机的叶片等。我国的熔模铸造模具用料考究、制作精良、尺寸精度高、使用寿命和铸件质量达到国际先进水平。然而在熔模铸造组模工艺过程中,存在对人力劳动要求大、生产效率低、质量不稳定等问题,所以需要改进组模加工工艺过程,提高自动化生产能力,提高铸件的生产质量和效率。本文设计了一套双机器人协同加工的自动组模系统,运用机器人高运动精度和位置精度的性能,降低组模系统中人为产生的精度误差,从而达到提高生产效率和质量的目的。

本文将从以下几点展开研究:

(1)首先,介绍熔模铸造技术的加工过程和国内外对熔模铸造自动化的研究现状和发展趋势。分析了熔模铸造自动化发展的可行性。并介绍了本文的课题来源、研究内容与意义。

(2)其次为机械系统的设计,主要确定了自动组模系统中的各个组成部分。讲述了根据加工蜡模的属性,确定机器人的选型,并选择合适的机械抓手,设计相应的工艺路线。

(3)然后是加热器的设计与热分析,主要确定加热器的结构,并对蜡模的加热过程进行ANSYS仿真,确定蜡模的加热状态。

(4)最后为机器人的系统开发。确定机器人系统的设计要求及思路,完成机器人控制程序的编写,搭建相应的仿真系统,并在RobotStudio软件中完成仿真。

本文通过完成以上几个研究内容,设计出一套蜡模自动组模设备,这套设备能高效的完成组模工艺,生产效率和质量精度都能得到保证。

关键词:熔模铸造;ABB机器人;加热器;RobotStudio

Abstract

Investment casting is suitable for the production of small parts with complex shapes, high precision requirements, or difficult to machine with other machining methods, such as blades for turbine engines. China's investment casting mold materials are sophisticated, well-made, high dimensional accuracy, service life and casting quality have reached the international advanced level. However, in the process of investment casting, there are problems such as large manpower requirements, low production efficiency, and unstable quality. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the process of forming the mold, improve the automation production capacity, and improve the production quality and efficiency of the casting. In this paper, a set of robotic automatic modeling system with dual robots is designed. The high precision of motion and positional accuracy of the robot are used to reduce the artificial precision error in the automatic modeling system, so as to improve the production efficiency and quality.

This article will start with the following points:

(1) Firstly, the processing process of investment casting technology and the research status and development trend of investment casting automation at home and abroad are introduced. The feasibility of the development of investment casting automation was analyzed. And introduce the source, research content and significance of this paper.

(2) Secondly, the design of the mechanical system mainly determines the various components in the automatic modular system. It describes the selection of the robot according to the properties of the processing wax mold, and selects the appropriate mechanical gripper to design the corresponding process route.

(3) Then the design and thermal analysis of the heater, mainly determine the structure of the heater, and perform ANSYS simulation on the heating process of the wax mold to determine the heating state of the wax mold.

(4) Finally, the system development for the robot. Determine the design requirements and ideas of the robot system, complete the robot control program, build the corresponding simulation system, and complete the simulation in RobotStudio software.

By completing the above research contents, this paper designs a set of wax mold automatic mold forming equipment, which can efficiently complete the mold set process, and the production efficiency and quality accuracy can be guaranteed.

Key Words:Investment casting;ABB Robot;Heater;RobotStudio

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第1章 绪论 3

1.1 熔模铸造工艺流程 3

1.2 国内外研究现状 4

1.2.1 工业机器人在铸造行业的应用 4

1.2.2 加热器结构研究 6

1.2.3基于Robotstudio的焊接机器人离线编程研究 7

1.3 课题来源、研究内容与意义 7

1.4 论文主要研究与开发工作 8

第2章 总体方案设计 9

2.1 总体结构设计 9

2.2 机器人的选型 10

2.3 机械抓手的选择 11

2.4 工艺路线的设计 12

第3章 加热器的设计与热分析 13

3.1 加热器结构设计 13

3.2 热分析 15

3.2.1 热力学基本理论 15

3.2.2 热传导方程式推导 16

3.2.3 ANSYS介绍 17

3.2.4 材料属性确定 18

3.2.5 热分析仿真 18

第4章 机器人系统开发 20

4.1 仿真软件介绍 20

4.2 系统设计要求及思路 21

4.3 仿真系统设计 21

4.3.1搭建仿真平台 21

4.3.2 仿真和离线编程流程 22

4.3.3 仿真I/O信号 23

4.3.4 动态Smart组件设计 23

4.4 系统编程与仿真 25

4.4.1 程序编制 25

4.4.2 工作站逻辑设定 26

4.4.3 仿真分析 27

第5章 总结与展望 29

5.1 总结 29

5.2 展望 29

参考文献 31

附 录 32

致 谢 37

第1章 绪论

1.1 熔模铸造工艺流程

熔模铸造又称失蜡铸造,包括压蜡、修蜡、组模、沾浆、熔蜡、浇铸金属液及后处理等工序。熔模铸造是利用易熔材料(蜡料)制作成可熔性模型(简称熔模),在其上涂覆若干层特制的耐火涂料,经过干燥和硬化形成一个整体型壳后,再用蒸汽或热水从型壳中熔掉模型,然后把型壳置于砂箱中,在其四周填充干砂造型,最后将铸型放入焙烧炉中高温焙烧(如采用高强度型壳时,可不必造型而将脱模后的型壳直接焙烧),铸型或型壳经焙烧后,浇注入熔融金属而得到铸件。熔模铸造的工艺流程如图1.1所示[1]

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