论文总字数：16896字

摘 要

在食品的无机元素测定中，重金属检测一直是国家严格要求的范围，本文希望通过采用原子吸收分光光度计法和电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP—MS)法对米类、蔬菜、肉制品三种类型的食品共计15个试样进行铅（Pb）和镉（Cd）的检测，对两种方法检测出来的结果进行对比，来验证ICP—MS可以多元素同时测定，可以在食品检测中使用到更多的范围中。经检测试样中Pb和Cd含量几乎相同，相对偏差均小于国标要求的5%。 ICP—MS检测出的Pb回收率在90%～100%之间，平均回收率为96.91%，Pb精密度为0.89%，检测限0.1μg/L，定量限0.4μg/L。Cd回收率在105%～117%之间，平均回收率为109.83%，Cd精密度为0.88%，检出限0.01μg/L，定量限为0.03μg/L。

经过本实验得出，ICP—MS对检测的回收率、精密度、检出限与定量限均符合国标要求，对试样的测定结果也与国标要求的测定方法结果几乎一致，说明在食品无机多元素中对多种元素同时进行痕量分析使用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP—MS)法是可行的，ICP—MS技术在食品检测中可以推广到更多的测定范围。

关键词：电感耦合等离子体质谱仪 原子吸收分光光度计 无机元素 元素分析

Comparison of Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP - MS) in Food Testing

Abstract

Determination of inorganic elements in food, heavy metal detection has been the national scope of strict requirements, we hope that through using atomic absorption spectrophotometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP - MS) method of rice, vegetables, meat products, three types of food for a total of 15 samples of lead and cadmium (Pb) (Cd) detection, comparison of two methods for the detection of the results, to verify the ICP - MS simultaneous determination of multi elements, can use more scope in food detection. After testing, the content of Pb and Cd in the sample is almost the same, and the relative deviation is less than 5% of the national standard. The recovery rate of Pb from ICP to MS was between 90% and 100%, the average recovery was 96.91%, the Pb precision was 0.89%, the detection limit was 0.1 g/L, and the quantitative limit was 0.4 g/L. The recovery rate of Cd was between 105% and 117%, the average recovery was 109.83%, the Cd precision was 0.88%, the detection limit was 0.01 g/L, and the quantitative limit was 0.03 g/L.

After the experiment, the ICP - MS for the detection of the recovery rate, precision, limit of detection and limit of quantification were in line with national standard, the determination results of samples with the national standard method of determination results were almost identical, indicating inorganic elements in food of a variety of elements and trace analysis using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP - MS) method is feasible, ICP MS technology can be extended to determine more scope in food detection.

Key words:Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer Atomic absorption spectrophotometer inorganic elements elemental analysis

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract

第一章 引言

1.1选题背景 1

1.2电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP—MS)概述 1

1.3石墨炉原子吸收分光光度计概述 2

1.4原子荧光光谱分析法概述 2

1.5ICP发射光谱法概述 3

1.6本课题的研究内容及意义 3

第二章 实验材料与方法 5

2.1 实验材料 5

2.2实验方法 5

2.2.1样品预处理 5

2.2.2试验条件 7

第三章 实验结果与分析 11

3.1实验结果… 11

3.1.1线性方程的测定……………………....…………….....….......……11

3.1.2回收率的测定………………………………………………….....…14

3.1.3精密度的测定…………………………....………………………….15

3.1.4检出限与定量限的测定…………………....………………............16

3.2样品浓度测量结果

第四章 结论与展望 19

4.1结论 19

4.2展望 19

参考文献 20

致谢 22

第一章 引言

1.1选题背景

随着现代科技的不断发展进步，在食品的无机元素测定中，涌现了很多先进的测量方法与仪器，他们的出现，推动了很多产业的发展，也为分析化学提供了很大的便利。在经过多次的更新换代之后，各种分析仪器越来越受到广大检测机构的喜爱，同时也证明了他们在现代检测行业中的影响力越来越高。

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