1. 研究目的与意义（文献综述）

with its natural emotional displays, deep artistic conception, delicate wording and scene choosing, chinese prose is a natural flow of speech whose scene atmosphere is rendered, and language is pure, fresh, beautiful and concise. in chinese proses, the use of modal particles is a remarkable characteristic, through which the author can implement the natural expression of emotion and achieve the coexistence and unity of man and nature.

zhu ziqing, a prestigious chinese essayist, is considered to be one of the most influential writers in the may fourth period of the early 20th century. moonlight over the lotus pond and transient days are his two representative works, which are famous for their beautiful language and profound thoughts. in these two proses, modal particles play an irreplaceable role in tone expression and are used to express the writer’s emotion. zhang peiji is a famous translator in contemporary china, who is best known for translation of chinese proses. in his translations of zhu ziqing’s works, he applies adept strategies and flexible methods in dealing with the modal particles.

due to the differences between english and chinese tone systems, the ways of tone expression in english and chinese languages are quite different. modal particles is one of the important marks that makes chinese different from other languages. the expression of chinese tone is mainly realized by modal particles, while it is through verbs and their inflectional changes to reflect different tones in english. besides, as a product of chinese culture, the discourse meaning of modal particles can be different according to the change of context. limited by many factors, it is less likely for translators to translate them without any difficulties, which may affect the quality of english translation. by analyzing the use of modal particles in moonlight over the lotus pond and transient days and zhang peiji’s translation, the paper is to probe into methods or techniques to achieve successful translation of modal particles in chinese proses and provide reference for the future translation of modal particles.

2. 研究的基本内容与方案

Moonlight over the Lotus Pond and Transient Days are two representative works of ZhuZiqing, a prestigious Chinese essayist. Based on these two works and the English translation of Zhang Peiji, this paper focuses on the study of translation strategies in Zhang Peiji's translation of modal particles, and the general points will be the following: Firstly, a brief introduction to the translation of Chinese modal particles will be shown. Secondly, English and Chinese tone systems will be compared. In this part, similarities and differences will be discussed, especially tone categories and expression devices. Thirdly, modal particles and their modal meanings used in Moonlight over the Lotus Pond and Transient Days will be analyzed. Fourthly, translation strategies of modal particles in Zhang Peiji’s translation will be discussed in detail. Finally, it is the conclusion part. The whole paper will be summarized from several perspectives.

At the beginning of the paper, it will consult bibliographies of relevant studies to present a relatively clear comprehensive review of the research status of modal particle and its translation. Then, it employs the quantitative analysis method to illustrate the characteristics of Zhu Ziqing’s using modal particles in these two proses. Besides, examples, contrast, references of previous research and other methodology will be adopted.

3. 研究计划与安排

before 26th, december settlement of the title;

before 25th, february submission of the outline;

before 25th, april submission of the first draft;

4. 参考文献（12篇以上）

[1] men d, wang y. the application study of chinese modal particle “ne” in english-chinese translation[j]. journal of north university of china (social science edition), 2015, 4: 018.

[2] lijun h. the literature review of modern chinese modal particles in recent thirty years[j]. journal of guilin normal college, 2014, 2: 018.

[3] hong-yan z. comparative analysis of modal auxiliary verbs in english and in chinese[j]. sino-us english teaching, 2015, 12(2): 128-136.