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毕业论文网 > 毕业论文 > 材料类 > 新能源材料与器件 > 正文

铜锌锡硫基纳米晶的热注入法制备与表征毕业论文

 2021-04-13 09:04  

摘 要

随着化石能源的大量消耗,能源供应短缺和环境污染是当今社会所面临的两个主要问题。因此,寻找一种清洁、丰富、可持续的能源供应作为化石燃料的替代成为人类所面临的迫切问题。太阳能因其具有取之不尽、用之不竭、无污染等特点,是解决能源供应和环境问题的最佳选择。铜锌锡硫硒(Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4,CZTSSe)半导体化合物由于其具有组成元素在地球含量丰富、合适的禁带宽等优点,被认为是薄膜太阳能电池理想的光吸收层材料。

论文采用热注入法合成不同S:Se的摩尔比和不同的OLA:DDT体积比的CZTSSe纳米晶。研究了不同S:Se的摩尔比和不同的OLA:DDT体积比对CZTSSe纳米晶的晶相结构、微观形貌、化学组分和光学性能的影响。利用XRD、TEM、EDS和UV-vis光谱等测试手段对纳米晶的晶相结构、微观形貌、化学组分和光学性能进行表征,揭示了不同S:Se的摩尔比和不同的OLA:DDT体积比对CZTSSe纳米晶的影响规律及其形成机理,取得的主要研究结果如下:

1)随着Se的增加,CZTSe纳米晶的形貌由纳米片逐渐变为颗粒状,纳米晶中纤锌矿的衍射峰逐渐减弱直至消失。Se/S的比例随着前驱体中Se元素含量的增加而增加,增幅速度快于前驱体中Se/S的增幅,并且随着Se含量的提高,增幅逐渐加快。纳米晶的禁带宽度在1.59-1.77 eV之间,并且呈现先增高后降低的趋势。CZTSe纳米晶的禁带宽度低于CZTS纳米晶的禁带宽度。

2)随着DDT的增加,CZTSe纳米晶的形貌由颗粒状向棒片状转变,纳米晶中纤锌矿的衍射峰逐渐减弱直至消失。随着DDT含量增加,Se/S也基本呈现增加趋势,在DDT含量为70%时产生明显的下落。随着DDT含量的升高,拉曼振动峰的强度逐渐增加。这表明DDT对CZTSe纳米晶起诱导作用。

关键词:铜锌锡硫;铜锌锡硫硒;热注入;纳米晶Abstract

With the large consumption of fossil energy, the shortage of energy supply and environmental pollution are two major problems facing the society today. Therefore, finding a clean, abundant and sustainable energy supply as an alternative to fossil fuels has become an urgent problem facing mankind. Solar energy is the best choice to solve the energy supply and environmental problems because of its inexhaustible, inexhaustible and pollution-free characteristics. Copper, zinc, tin and selenium (Cu2ZnSn (S, Se)4, CZTSSe) semiconductor compound is considered to be an ideal optical absorption layer for thin film solar cells because of its rich content and wide band gap.

Quinary compound Cu2ZnSn(S1-xSex)4 nanocrystals were synthesized by a simple, green and cheap method. The composition of the Cu2ZnSn(S1-xSex)4 nanocrystals can be adjusted by adjusting the X ratio of S/Se between 0 and 1. Meanwhile, Cu2ZnSn(S1-xSex)4 nanocrystals with different OLA/DDT ratios have also been studied. The mole ratio of different S:Se and the different OLA:DDT volume ratio CZTSSe nanocrystals were synthesized by heat injection. The crystal phase structure, microstructure, chemical composition and optical properties of the nanocrystals were characterized by XRD, TEM, EDS and UV-vis spectra. The influence law of the mole ratio of different S:Se and the different OLA:DDT volume ratio of CZTSSe on nanocrystalline and its formation mechanism were revealed.

The results of the study are as follows:

1) with the increase of Se, the morphologies of CZTSe nanocrystals change from nanoscale to granular, and the diffraction peaks of nanocrystalline wurtzite gradually weaken and disappear. The ratio of Se/S increases with the increase of the content of the Se element in the precursor, and the increase rate is faster than the Se/S in the precursor, and with the increase of the content of Se, the increase of the increase gradually increases. The forbidden band width of nanocrystals is between 1.59-1.77, and it increases first and then decreases. The band gap of CZTSe nanocrystals is lower than that of CZTS nanocrystals.

2) with the increase of DDT, the morphology of CZTSe nanocrystals changes from granular to rod like, and the diffraction peaks of nanocrystalline wurtzite gradually weaken and disappear. With the increase of DDT content, Se/S also showed an increasing trend. When DDT content was 70%, there was an obvious drop.

Keywords:CTZS, CZTSe,nanocrystalline,hot-injection

目 录

第1章 绪论 1

1.1 太阳能电池工作原理简介 1

1.2 太阳能电池的分类 1

1.3 CZTS基薄膜太阳能电池 2

1.4 铜锌锡硫(Cu2ZnSnS4)基薄膜太阳能电池 3

1.4.1 CZTS基薄膜太阳能电池发展简介 3

1.4.2 CZTS半导体材料的结构 4

1.5 CZTS纳米晶的制备方法 5

1.5.1 热注入法(hot-injection) 5

1.5.2 一锅法(one-pot) 5

1.5.3 升温法(heat-up) 6

1.6 选题的目的、意义与研究内容 6

1.6.1 选题的目的与意义 6

1.6.2 研究内容 6

第2章 实验与表征 7

2.1 实验原料 7

2.2 实验设备 7

2.3 纳米晶的制备流程和实验参数 8

2.3.1 纳米晶的制备流程 8

2.3.2 纳米晶的实验参数 9

2.4 测试与表征 10

2.4.1 粉末X射线衍射(XRD) 10

2.4.2 拉曼光谱分析(Raman Scattering Spectroscopy) 10

2.4.3 透射电子显微镜(TEM) 10

2.4.4 能谱分析(EDS) 11

2.4.5扫描电子显微镜(SEM) 11

2.4.6紫外可见近红外吸收光谱(UV-Vis-NIR) 11

第3章 CZTSSe纳米晶制备与表征 12

3.1 不同S:Se比例对CZTSSe纳米晶的影响 12

3.1.1 XRD分析 12

3.1.2 Raman分析 13

3.1.3 TEM分析 14

3.1.4 EDS分析 16

3.1.5 紫外可见近红外吸收光谱 16

3.2 不同OLA:DDT比例对CZTSSe纳米晶的影响 17

3.2.1 XRD分析 17

3.2.2 Raman分析 18

3.2.3 TEM分析 18

3.2.4 EDS分析 20

第4章 结论 21

参考文献 22

致 谢 23

第1章 绪论

随着人类生活水平的提高,能源问题也日益凸显了出来,不可再生能源的消耗殆尽,环境问题的严重恶化,都使得研发出新型高效可持续的能源供应体系成为科研领域的重中之重。为了发展经济上可持续的清洁能源技术,为未来几代的太阳能电池寻找新材料势在必行。

1.1 太阳能电池工作原理简介

图1-1 太阳能电池工作原理示意图

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